Guiding center orbit simulation of energetic particles in tokamak plasma

Abstract

A new relativistic guiding center orbit code (RGCO) has been developed and used to investigate the confinement mechanism of energetic electrons in QUEST tokamak. Benefiting from the orbit simulation in cylindrical coordinates, the particle tracking can be performed within the entire first wall, including the main plasma and the scrapeoff layer (SOL), so it can provide a more realistic evaluation of the confinement and loss of the particle than previous results. Detailed analyses reveal that energetic electrons can be confined both inside and outside the last closed flux surface (LCFS) inside the first wall of QUEST tokamak, thus contributing to the non-inductive current driving. In future work, the confinement and loss mechanism of alpha particle will be researched through energetic electron in QUEST by physics experiment combined with the RGCO code simulation.

Irradiation-induced hardening of Zircaloy-2 at room temperature under external stress conditions

“…Given the advantages of economic efficiency and safety, numerous studies have employed ion irradiation as a means of simulating the neutron irradiation process, thereby facilitating the observation of comparable radiation phenomena. [14][15]. The experimental approach involves conducting transmission electron microscope (TEM) examinations and nanoindentation measurements to characterize the microstructural evolution and hardness changes.…”