Guillain–Barré syndrome in children: Clinical course, electrodiagnosis, and prognosis

Bradshaw, Deborah Young; Hr, Jones

doi:10.1002/mus.880150415

Cited by 137 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Children may experience severe pain in the lower extremities or back prior to the onset of weakness. 30 Weakness and ataxia reach a nadir within 4 weeks. Rare instances may progress to involvement of the respiratory muscles and quadriparesis.…”

Section: Guillain-barré Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to Acute Ataxia in Childhood: Diagnosis and Evaluation

Sivaswamy¹

2014

Pediatr Ann

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Ataxia refers to motor incoordination that is usually most prominent during movement or when a child is attempting to maintain a sitting posture. The first part of the review focuses on the anatomic localization of ataxia -both within the nervous system and without -using a combination of historical features and physical findings. The remainder of the review discusses etiological considerations that vary depending on the age group under consideration. In infancy, certain specific diseases, such as opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome, must receive special mention because the underlying disease process may be amenable to surgical intervention. In the toddler-and school-age groups, certain conditions (such as stroke and acute cerebellitis) require immediate recognition and imaging, whereas others (such as post-infectious ataxia and concussion) require close follow-up. Finally, mention must be made of diseases outside of the central nervous system that can present with ataxia, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome.T he word ataxia is derived from the Greek word ataktos, which means "lack of order." Ataxia is characterized by disturbances in the voluntary coordination of posture and movement. In children, it is most prominent during walking (the sine qua non being a staggering gait with impaired tandem), but it can also be present during sitting or standing, or when the child is performing movements of the arms, legs, or eyes.This review focuses on the etiology and diagnostic considerations for acute ataxia, which for the purposes of this discussion refers to ataxia with a symptom evolution time of less than 72 hours.

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Section: Guillain-barré Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to Acute Ataxia in Childhood: Diagnosis and Evaluation

Sivaswamy¹

2014

Pediatr Ann

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“…Although recovery from severe GBS may be prolonged, most survivors regain independent ambulation [35]. Persistent disability is seen in 20-30% of adult patients but is less common in children [36,37]. GBS causes severe persistent disability in 14% of patients at 1 year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system in Kerman (Iran) for one decade

Ebrahimi¹,

Nakhaee²,

Zahmatkesh³

et al. 2014

RusOMJ

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Background -During the past decade, polio eradication has stalled globally. Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is a key strategy for monitoring the progress of polio eradication. All AFP patients who referred to expert committee were evaluated about the causes. Methods -This case series study is the result of activities for one decade of expert AFP committee of Kerman University of Medical Sciences from 2002-2011, with coverage of more than 2,650,000 populations and 730,677 child with age of ≤15 years old. All patients have gone under diagnostic and therapeutic managements. Results -The total cases referred to Kerman expert committee of AFP for ten years were 147 cases. In our study the incidence of AFP was 2.016 per 100000 populations for one year.The most common causes of AFP were Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Other causes of AFP were; stroke, synovitis, myelitis, seizures, cerebral palsy, viral infections, tumors, cerebellitis and non-polio AFP. The rate of GBS in our study was 0.96 per 100000 in children 15 years old or smaller, and more in male. In this study the incidence rate in cities with low mean temperature was higher than in cities with high mean temperature. Conclusion -We had no polio case in this period. The most common cause of AFPs was Guillain-Barre syndrome. The incidence of GBS was higher in areas with low mean temperature.

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“…In contrast, AMAN and AMSAN subtypes occur mainly in northern China, Japan, and Mexico, and they comprise 5% -10% of GBS cases in the United States [14]. Incidence and outcome of GBS in Yemen are not known so this study is the first epidemiological study to elaborate this disease in Yemen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Epidemiology of Childhood Guillain Barré Syndrome in Yemen

Mujlli¹,

Al-kubati²,

Mojali³

et al. 2016

OALib

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Background: GBS (Guillain-Barré Syndrome) is one of the most frequently seen acute polyneuropathy encountered in neurology practice and characterized by progressive motor weakness and loss of reflexes. Objective: The main objectives were to determine the incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome, distribution of paralysis and hospital outcome of patients within 60 days of admission. Material & methods: The records of all patients followed with flaccid paralysis to the surveillance sites in 11 through the WHO program for Acute Flaccid governorates in Yemen. From 21th September 2004 to 20th September 2013 were reviewed. Those patients suspected to be GBS were examined by a consultant neurologist and pediatric to confirm the diagnosis. At the time of admission specific form was designed to record demographic characteristics, clinical finding and presentation of paralysis. All patients follow up for 60 days. Collected data was entered to Epi info statistical method used by AFP program. Results: During the study period, 808 patients were diagnosed a GBS. Of this 483 (60%) were males and 325 (40%) were females. The age of the patients was ranged (between 1 to 15 years), most of them 457 (57%) were young children of ≤ 5 years old. The overall incidence was 2.8/100,000 population. The outcome of patients showed that 284 (35%) had residual paralysis. 469 (58%) recovered completely, 7 (1%) was lost and 48 (6%) patients died within 60 days of follow up. Conclusion: This study confirms that Guillain-Barré Syndrome is the most common causes of Acute Flaccid Paralysis in Yemen with high morbidity in children.

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Guillain–Barré syndrome in children: Clinical course, electrodiagnosis, and prognosis

Cited by 137 publications

References 29 publications

Approach to Acute Ataxia in Childhood: Diagnosis and Evaluation

Approach to Acute Ataxia in Childhood: Diagnosis and Evaluation

Study of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system in Kerman (Iran) for one decade

Epidemiology of Childhood Guillain Barré Syndrome in Yemen

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