“…As MFCC have been developed for the study of human language, in the past, parameters related to the spectral envelope of a wave have been primarily used for studying individual identity encoding in primates (e.g., Clink et al, 2020, 2021; Coye et al, 2022; Fedurek et al, 2016; Mielke and Zuberbühler, 2013). Now, filter-related measures have become an increasingly popular metric for determining individual identity encoding in calls of other mammals, e.g., bats (Prat et al, 2016), elephants (Stoeger and Baotic, 2016), mongooses (Rubow et al, 2017), and guinea pigs (Verzola-Olivio et al, 2021). However, few studies incorporate both source- and filter-related parameters into their analyses to look at the relative importance of these for encoding identity (but see: Owren et al, 1997; Stoeger and Baotic, 2016; Vannoni and Mcelligott, 2007).…”