Gut bacterial diversity of the tribes of India and comparison with the worldwide data

Abstract

The gut bacteria exert phenotypic traits to the host but the factors which determine the gut bacterial profile (GBP) is poorly understood. This study aimed to understand the effect of ethnicity and geography on GBP of Mongoloid and Proto-Australoid tribes of India. Fecal bacterial diversity was studied in fifteen tribal populations representing four geographic regions (Assam, Telangana, Manipur and Sikkim) by DGGE followed by NGS analysis on Illumina MiSeq platform. Geography and diet had significant effect on GBP of the Indian tribes which was dominated by Prevotella. The effects were more prominent with lower taxonomic levels, indicating probable functional redundancy of the core GBP. A comparison with the worldwide data revealed that GBP of the Indian population was similar to the Mongolian population (Mongolia). The bacterial genera Faecalibacterium, Eubacterium, Clostridium, Blautia, Ruminococcus and Roseburia were found to be core genera in the representative populations of the world.

Litopenaeus vannamei fed diets with different replacement levels of fish meal by fish silage: A molecular approach on intestinal microbiota

“…In previous studies conducted in L. vannamei from different conditions, Proteobacteria was also the most dominant phyla ranging from 50% to 80% (Cornejo‐Granados et al, ; Hou et al, ), which is similar to the result of our study. Firmicute was the dominant phyla in many land mammals, such as pigs (Fan et al, ), mice (Garcia‐Mazcorro et al, ) and human (Dehingia et al, ). In the present study, however, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in L. vannamei was very low (0.9%), which could be attributed to differences in phylogeny, living environment and dietary habits.…”

Meta‐analysis of the human gut microbiome from urbanized and pre‐agricultural populations

“…Moreover, many investigations of the gut microbiota were simply interested in microbial cataloguing by means of 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing (De Filippo et al, 2010;Yatsunenko et al, 2012;Schnorr et al, 2014;Clemente et al, 2015;Dehingia et al, 2015;Martinez et al, 2015). Nonetheless, an increasing number of investigative efforts are based on shotgun metagenomics sequencing, aimed at functionally characterizing gut microbiomes (Qin et al, 2010;Qin et al, 2012;Karlsson et al, 2013;Li et al, 2014;Lim et al, 2014;Zeller et al, 2014;Feng et al, 2015;Obregon-Tito et al, 2015;Rampelli et al, 2015;Voigt et al, 2015).…”

Salivary microbiome of an urban Indian cohort and patterns linked to subclinical inflammation

“…An approximately fivefold higher abundance of Treponema in Indians resembles reports of increased symbiont Treponema in traditional living people, including Indian tribal communities and attributed to plant carbohydrate‐rich diet (Quercia et al., ; Rampelli et al., ; Dehingia et al., ; Obregon‐Tito et al., ). Clostridium and Eubacteriaceae reported increased in Indian tribes guts were similarly noted as higher (Dehingia et al., ). Megasphaera, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium genera were similarly overrepresented as in the gut (Bhute et al., ).…”

“…The microbiomes of South Asian populations are not yet as well researched using “next‐generation” sequencing technologies as those in developed nations. Moreover, most of the available studies till date have addressed gut microbiota (Bhute et al., ; Dehingia et al., ; Lin et al., ). The oral microbiome harbors substantial diversity across populations (Nasidze et al., ).…”