Gut commensals expand vitamin A metabolic capacity of the mammalian host

Bonakdar, Maryam; Czuba, Lindsay C.; Han, Geon Goo; Zhong, Guo; Luong, Hien; Isoherrannen, Nina; Vaishnava, Shipra

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2022.06.011

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It has been shown that vitamins can beneficially modulate the microbiota in the GI tract by expanding the abundance of commensals, enlarging the microbial diversity, altering the amount of short-chain fatty acids, or modulating the barrier function or immune response [ 9 ]. Most of the human GI tract’s commensals can biosynthesize and secrete vitamin K and B group vitamins, but besides excess vitamin biosynthesis, the gut microbiota can also convert dietary vitamin A precursors into retinoic acid, a key regulator of gene expression [ 12 , 13 ]. This elevates the concentration of vitamin A metabolites, aids in maintaining immune homeostasis, and helps to prevent pathogen invasion ( Fig 1 ) [ 13 ].…”

Section: The Advantages Of Vitamin Production By Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we microbe-manage our vitamin acquisition for better health?

Nysten

Dijck

2023

PLoS Pathog

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Section: The Advantages Of Vitamin Production By Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we microbe-manage our vitamin acquisition for better health?

Nysten

Dijck

2023

PLoS Pathog

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“…Therefore, the RA gut-microbiome-mediated metabolic pathways are essential for many mammalian biological processes. 113 In addition, RA affected the differentiation of fetal lymphoid organs as well as of ILC progenitors into mature lymphoid tissue inducer cells.…”

Section: How the Maternal Diet And Microbiome Influence Fetal Develop...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commensal bacteria can also produce high concentrations of active retinoids [all‐trans‐retinoic acid (atRA), 13‐cis‐retinoic acid (13cisRA) and retinol], from conversion of dietary vitamin A. Therefore, the RA gut‐microbiome‐mediated metabolic pathways are essential for many mammalian biological processes 113 . In addition, RA affected the differentiation of fetal lymphoid organs as well as of ILC progenitors into mature lymphoid tissue inducer cells.…”

Section: How the Maternal Diet And Microbiome Influence Fetal Develop...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition during pregnancy: Influence on the gut microbiome and fetal development

Barrientos,

Ronchi,

Conrad

2023

American J Rep Immunol

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Pregnancy is a finely tuned process, with the health and well‐being of the developing fetus determined by the metabolic status and dietary intake of the mother. The maternal gut microbiome is remodeled during pregnancy, and this, coupled with the maternal nutrient intake during gestation shapes the production of metabolites that can cross the placenta and affect fetal development. As posited by the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Hypothesis, such environmental influences can have major effects on the developing organ systems. When occurring at particularly sensitive gestational time points, these developmental programming events can have long lasting effects on offspring adaptation to the postnatal environment, and major health implications later in life. This review will summarize current knowledge on how pregnancy and maternal dietary intake intrinsically and extrinsically modify maternal gut microbiota composition and metabolite production. Further, we will assess how these factors shape the fetal landscape and ultimately contribute to offspring health.DOHaD, fetal development, metabolites, microbiome, nutrition, pregnancy, short‐chain fatty acids

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“…Levy and coauthors showed that the gut microbiota (both commensal and pathobionts) immensely influences VA metabolism in the host, and that deficiency of VA impairs microbiota composition and immune function [ 198 ]. A recent study by Bonakdar and coauthors demonstrated that gut commensal bacteria produced high concentrations of ATRA, 13-cis-retinoic acid (13cisRA) and retinol [ 199 ]. The authors showed that the ablation of anaerobic bacteria significantly reduced concentrations of these retinoids, whereas introducing these bacteria into germ-free mice significantly enhanced retinoids.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Adaptation To Vitamin a Deficiency Impacts Ho...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Impairment Associated with Vitamin A Deficiency: Insights from Clinical Studies and Animal Model Research

et al. 2022

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Vitamin A (VA) is critical for many biological processes, including embryonic development, hormone production and function, the maintenance and modulation of immunity, and the homeostasis of epithelium and mucosa. Specifically, VA affects cell integrity, cytokine production, innate immune cell activation, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte trafficking to mucosal surfaces. VA also has been reported to influence the gut microbiota composition and diversity. Consequently, VA deficiency (VAD) results in the imbalanced production of inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines, intestinal inflammation, weakened mucosal barrier functions, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of the gut microbiome. Although VAD is primarily known to cause xerophthalmia, its role in the impairment of anti-infectious defense mechanisms is less defined. Infectious diseases lead to temporary anorexia and lower dietary intake; furthermore, they adversely affect VA status by interfering with VA absorption, utilization and excretion. Thus, there is a tri-directional relationship between VAD, immune response and infections, as VAD affects immune response and predisposes the host to infection, and infection decreases the intestinal absorption of the VA, thereby contributing to secondary VAD development. This has been demonstrated using nutritional and clinical studies, radiotracer studies and knockout animal models. An in-depth understanding of the relationship between VAD, immune response, gut microbiota and infections is critical for optimizing vaccine efficacy and the development of effective immunization programs for countries with high prevalence of VAD. Therefore, in this review, we have comprehensively summarized the existing knowledge regarding VAD impacts on immune responses to infections and post vaccination. We have detailed pathological conditions associated with clinical and subclinical VAD, gut microbiome adaptation to VAD and VAD effects on the immune responses to infection and vaccines.

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Gut commensals expand vitamin A metabolic capacity of the mammalian host

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Can we microbe-manage our vitamin acquisition for better health?

Can we microbe-manage our vitamin acquisition for better health?

Nutrition during pregnancy: Influence on the gut microbiome and fetal development

Immune Impairment Associated with Vitamin A Deficiency: Insights from Clinical Studies and Animal Model Research

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