Gut epithelial and vascular barrier abnormalities in patients with chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction

Boschetti, Elisa; Accarino, Anna; Malagelada, Carolina; Malagelada, Juan R.; Cogliandro, Rosanna; Gori, Alessandra; Tugnoli, Vitaliano; Giancola, Fiorella; Bianco, Francesca; Bonora, Elena; Clavenzani, Paolo; Volta, Umberto; Caio, Giacomo; Sternini, Catia; Stanghellini, Vincenzo; Azpiroz, Fernando; Giorgio, Roberto De

doi:10.1111/nmo.13652

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Meth has been reported to promote the release of norepinephrine and dopamine, leading to a markedly decreased intestinal contractility and motor capacity ( 125 ). This decrease in intestinal muscle tone is associated with oxidative and nitrosative stress, which, in turn, can cause neuronal injury and death in the intestine and disrupt intestinal barrier functioning ( 126 ). Disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier increases the permeability of the gut epithelium and plays an essential role in contributing to anxiogenic behavior ( 127 ), stress ( 128 ), depression ( 129 ), cognitive decline ( 130 ), and eating and sleep disorders ( 131 ).…”

Section: Methamphetamine and Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the gut-brain axis in HIV and drug abuse-mediated neuroinflammation

Ray¹,

Sil²,

Muthukumar³

et al. 2023

Adv. Drug Alcohol Res.

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Drug abuse and related disorders are a global public health crisis affecting millions, but to date, limited treatment options are available. Abused drugs include but are not limited to opioids, cocaine, nicotine, methamphetamine, and alcohol. Drug abuse and human immunodeficiency virus-1/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV-1/AIDS) are inextricably linked. Extensive research has been done to understand the effect of prolonged drug use on neuronal signaling networks and gut microbiota. Recently, there has been rising interest in exploring the interactions between the central nervous system and the gut microbiome. This review summarizes the existing research that points toward the potential role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of HIV-1-linked drug abuse and subsequent neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. Preclinical data about gut dysbiosis as a consequence of drug abuse in the context of HIV-1 has been discussed in detail, along with its implications in various neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding this interplay will help elucidate the etiology and progression of drug abuse-induced neurodegenerative disorders. This will consequently be beneficial in developing possible interventions and therapeutic options for these drug abuse-related disorders.

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Section: Methamphetamine and Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the gut-brain axis in HIV and drug abuse-mediated neuroinflammation

Ray¹,

Sil²,

Muthukumar³

et al. 2023

Adv. Drug Alcohol Res.

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show abstract

“…Therefore, if enteric neurons are lost from either plexus in PD patients, this could similarly compromise the timely execution and coordination of reflexes governing movement of intestinal contents, and this may give rise to PD-related constipation. Constipation in patients with severe gut dysmotility correlates with loss of both myenteric and submucosal neurons in the small intestine [45], and neurons in both the myenteric and submucosal plexus are significantly reduced in the colon of patients with slow-transit constipation [46]. Several other conditions involving substantially impaired GI motility are also associated with enteric neuron loss, including Chagas' disease [47,48], achalasia and chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction [31].…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D a U T H O R P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Analysis of Intestinal Enteric Neuron Loss and Constipation in Parkinson’s Disease

O'Day

Finkelstein

Diwakarla

et al. 2022

JPD

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Constipation afflicts many patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and significantly impacts on patient quality of life. PD-related constipation is caused by intestinal dysfunction, but the etiology of this dysfunction in patients is unknown. One possible cause is neuron loss within the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the intestine. This review aims to 1) Critically evaluate the evidence for and against intestinal enteric neuron loss in PD patients, 2) Justify why PD-related constipation must be objectively measured, 3) Explore the potential link between loss of enteric neurons in the intestine and constipation in PD, 4) Provide potential explanations for disparities in the literature, and 5) Outline data and study design considerations to improve future research. Before the connection between intestinal enteric neuron loss and PD-related constipation can be confidently described, future research must use sufficiently large samples representative of the patient population (majority diagnosed with idiopathic PD for at least 5 years), implement a consistent neuronal quantification method and study design, including standardized patient recruitment criteria, objectively quantify intestinal dysfunctions, publish with a high degree of data transparency and account for potential PD heterogeneity. Further investigation into other potential influencers of PD-related constipation is also required, including changes in the function, connectivity, mitochondria and/or α-synuclein proteins of enteric neurons and their extrinsic innervation. The connection between enteric neuron loss and other PD-related gastrointestinal (GI) issues, including gastroparesis and dysphagia, as well as changes in nutrient absorption and the microbiome, should be explored in future research.

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“…In addition, norepinephrine alters the intestinal nervous system, leading to a decrease in intestinal muscle tone. Intestinal obstruction is associated with intestinal and vascular barriers ( 47 ), oxidative stress, and nitrifying stress. METH-mediated neurotransmitter release also promotes the production of oxidative stress molecules [reactive nitrogen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)], which can lead to the injury and death of intestinal neurons and intestinal barrier dysfunction.…”

Section: The Effects Of Meth On the Gut-brain Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Related Effects of Methamphetamine on the Intestinal Barrier via Cytokines, and Potential Mechanisms by Which Methamphetamine May Occur on the Brain-Gut Axis

Kong

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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Methamphetamine (METH) is an illegal drug widely abused in many countries. Methamphetamine abuse is a major health and social problem all over the world. However, the effects of METH on the digestive system have rarely been reported. Previous studies and clinical cases have shown that METH use can lead to the impaired intestinal barrier function and severe digestive diseases. METH can cause multiple organ dysfunction, especially in the central nervous system (CNS). The gut microbiota are involved in the development of various CNS-related diseases via the gut-brain axis (GBA). Here, we describe the related effects of METH on the intestinal barrier via cytokines and the underlying mechanisms by which METH may occur in the brain-gut axis.

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Gut epithelial and vascular barrier abnormalities in patients with chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Role of the gut-brain axis in HIV and drug abuse-mediated neuroinflammation

Role of the gut-brain axis in HIV and drug abuse-mediated neuroinflammation

A Critical Analysis of Intestinal Enteric Neuron Loss and Constipation in Parkinson’s Disease

Related Effects of Methamphetamine on the Intestinal Barrier via Cytokines, and Potential Mechanisms by Which Methamphetamine May Occur on the Brain-Gut Axis

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