Gut fermentation syndrome

Abstract

Fungi have not been recognized to cause such notable syndromes until very recently. It has been documented among few individuals who became intoxicated after consuming carbohydrates, which became fermented in the gastrointestinal tract. These claims of intoxication without drinking alcohol, and the findings on endogenous alcohol fermentation are now called Gut Fermentation Syndrome. This review will concentrate on understanding the aetiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnostic options and treatment of the syndrome.

Case report and literature review of auto-brewery syndrome: probably an underdiagnosed medical condition

“…Ten years later, the first US cases were published 8–10. Previous case reports had described patients who were immunocompromised or had strictures in Crohn’s disease with bacterial overgrowth or short gut syndrome after surgery 2 3 7 11–14. To the best of our knowledge, antibiotic exposure initiating ABS has not been previously reported.…”

“…The delayed sample testing at 16 and 24 hours becomes important if the initial samples are negative as some fungi can take 24 hours or longer to convert carbohydrate substrates to alcohol (figure 1). Non-standardised carbohydrate challenge testing has previously been used to diagnose ABS 2 3 12–14. The patient was under observation for the duration of the test.…”

Auto-Brewery Syndrome After COVID-19 Infection

“…Various yeast species have been implicated in the development of ABS, including those that are fermenting such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Saccharomyces boulardii , and various strains of candida. 5 , 7 – 9 A handful of cases have been linked to bacterial species. 10 …”