Gut Glutamine Metabolism at Different Stages of Sepsis in Rats

Nose, Keisuke; Wasa, Masafumi; Okada, Akira

doi:10.1007/s005950200129

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Compared with alanine (non-metabolized by the gut), intraluminal glutamine was shown to be most protective to the mucosa during IRI [44 ]. In a rat model of sepsis, intestinal glutamine uptake and metabolism seemed to be effective, however, only in the early stages of the insult [45].…”

Section: Macronutrients In Ischaemia and Reperfusion Injurymentioning

confidence: 91%

The role of macronutrients in gastrointestinal blood flow

Aguilar-Nascimento

2005

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Section: Macronutrients In Ischaemia and Reperfusion Injurymentioning

confidence: 91%

The role of macronutrients in gastrointestinal blood flow

Aguilar-Nascimento

2005

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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“…We used 40 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 250-290 g (range: 275±20 g) in this study, and rats were divided into four groups of ten rats each, as indicated hereunder. Induction of severe sepsis was performed in all rats by a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model [13,14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) on Sepsis in Rats

et al. 2008

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Sepsis is still a major cause of the high mortality rate in the intensive care unit. Many studies have been published about the severity of sepsis, but the cause of mortality in sepsis and multiorgan failure is still obscure. This study investigated the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) particularly on the inflammatory and related histopathological changes in the lung, liver and kidney in an experimental sepsis model. Forty Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study, and were divided into four groups of ten rats each, as follows: Group I was given intraperitoneal saline infusion treatment. Group II was given intraperitoneal CAPE infusion treatment. Sepsis was induced in the animals in Group III (sepsis with saline infusion), while Group IV rats underwent induced sepsis plus CAPE infusion treatment (sepsis with CAPE infusion). Sampling was performed 48 h after treatment. The induction of sepsis resulted in a significant increase in serum glucose, leukocytes, urea, creatinine, LDH levels in BAL, plasma MDA, AST and ALT levels in the sepsis + saline group. The use of CAPE significantly decreased these parameters. Histopathological examination revealed less congestion, portal inflammation, and focal necrosis of the liver, and less congestion, edema, and emphysematous and inflammatory changes in the lung in the sepsis + CAPE group than in the other groups. These results support that CAPE may be used for the treatment of organ failure during sepsis.

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“…Therefore, the skeletal muscle is the main tissue of Gln synthesis, and the gastrointestinal tract, the kidney, and the immune cells are the consumers of Gln [ 69 ]. Generally, the balance between the uptake and release of Gln is maintained and the plasma Gln level is relatively stable.…”

Section: Glutamine and Argininementioning

confidence: 98%

“…The average level of Gln in plasma is 600-900 μmol/L, which accounts for approximately 60 % of the total body free amino acids pool. The fl uctuation of the plasma level of Gln directly affects the total body amino acid level [ 69 ]. The intracellular concentration of Gln is 30-fold higher than that in plasma.…”

Section: Abnormal Metabolism Of Gln In Burns Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in Burns

Wang

Deng²

2014

Chinese Burn Surgery

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Enteral nutrition (EN) has followed a long history, and hyperalimentation has had an epoch-making signifi cance since the end of the 1960s. From the 1980s, enterogenous infection and the complications of the catheter, metabolism, infection, etc., have been raised, and gradually much attention has been devoted to EN and especially early feeding. We began to serially study the effect and mechanism of early EN since 1985.Overall, more than 700 rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, minipigs, and 200 burns patient were used to compare early feeding (EF) with delayed feeding (DF). Placing emphasis on 21 cases of severe burns (32.8 ± 10.9 years, total body surface area burned (TBSAB) 45 ± 12.6 %, deep burn 29.8 ± 8.9 %) in 200 burn patients. Feeding was started within PBH 2 (2 h post-burn, in animals) or PBH 12 (patients) in the EF group and after PBH 48 (animal) or PBH 72 (patient) in the DF group. In addition, we created three animal models to study the effect and mechanism of early feeding. 1. The model of gastrostomy and neglecting jejunum in burn rabbit) The jejunum is cut off 5 cm under the ligament of Treitz, close to the distal end of the cut jejunum, end-toside anastomosis between the upper end and the side under the distal end 15 cm from the cut jejunum. The intestine up to 15 cm of anastomotic stoma is the neglecting jejunum; several interrupted sutures are performed just above the anastomotic stoma to form an artifi cial valve to prevent food regurgitation into the neglected jejunum. This model is used to study the effect of early feeding post-burn on protecting intestinal mucosa and the mechanism (Fig. 16.1 ). 2. The model of gastrostomy and central vein, portal vein, and mesenteric vein catheterization in Gui-zhou mini-pigs). This model is used to investigate the effect and its mechanism of early feeding on central and portal vein blood fl ow, intestinal absorption function, barrier function of the intestinal mucosa, and hypermetabolism ( Fig. 16.2 ). 3. The model of gastrostomy and central vein, portal vein, mesenteric vein, iliac vein, and artery catheterization in Gui-zhou mini-pigs One the basis of the model ( Fig. 16.2 ), this mode is used to further study the protection effect of early feeding and glutamine on intestinal structure and function, and understanding substance metabolic changes of muscle in the lower extremities (Fig. 16.3 ). Creation of Three Animal Early Feeding Could Lessen IntestinalAnoxia Injury and Promote Intestine Resuscitation [ 4 -22 ] Early feeding (EF) post-burn could improve portal and intestinal blood fl ow, lessen intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury, provide better energy metabolism of intestinal mucosa cells, lower depression of mucosa proliferation and reparation, and maintain the intestinal structure and function. 1. Early feeding could lessen intestinal ischemia and anoxia injury (Tables 16.1 , 16.2 , 16.3 , 16.4 , 16.5 , 16.6 , 16.7 , 16.8 , and 16.9 ) Early feeding could improve portal and intestinal blood fl ow and lessen intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injur...

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Gut Glutamine Metabolism at Different Stages of Sepsis in Rats

Abstract: These results indicate that intestinal glutamine uptake is increased and glutamine utilization is enhanced by glutamine supplementation in early sepsis.

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

The role of macronutrients in gastrointestinal blood flow

The role of macronutrients in gastrointestinal blood flow

Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) on Sepsis in Rats

Nutrition in Burns

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