Gut microbiome diversity and composition is associated with hypertension in women

Abstract

Objectives Animal studies support a role for the gut microbiota in hypertension development, but large human studies are lacking. Here we investigated the relationship between hypertension prevalence and gut microbial composition in two cohorts. Methods We included 871 unrelated TwinsUK females with faecal microbiome data (16s rRNA gene sequencing). Multivariable linear models adjusted for age, age 2 and BMI as well as MiRKAT models, were used to estimate the association of hypertension with alpha- and beta-diversity metrics. To identify taxa associated with hypertension, a generalized additive model for location scale and shape was computed adjusting for covariates and multiple testing. Results were replicated in 448 women from PREDICT-1 Results We found that measures of alpha diversity are significantly lower in hypertensive cases (Beta[95%CI] = -0.05[-0.095, -0.004], p=0.03) and a significant association between beta diversity and hypertension (FDR < 0.05). We identified and replicated 2 genera associated with hypertension. The genus, Ruminiclostridium 6 was less abundant in hypertension cases (meta-analysis[95%CI] = -0.31[-0.5; -0.13], p = 1x10 -3 ). The uncultured microbe Erysipelotrichacea-UCG003 was more abundant in hypertensive cases (meta-analysis[95%CI] = 0.46[0.3, 0.62], p=1x10 -4 ). We genomically analysed the 16s rRNA sequence and established a 100% identity match with the 16s rRNA sequence of the genus Faecalibacillus . We functionally annotated Ruminiclostridium , identifying 83 metabolic pathways, including pathways previously linked to blood pressure regulation. Conclusion In this large human observation, we show that gut microbiome diversity and composition are associated with hypertension. Our results suggest that targeting the microbiome may be a novel means to prevent or treat hypertension.

HDL-C as a potential medium between depletion of Lachnospiraceae genera and hypertension under high-calorie diet

“…Among these 54 genera, 31 genera with q < 0.05 were designated as hypertension-related genera. A total of 15 hypertension-related genera were found significantly elevated in hypertension microbiota, such as Ruminiclostridium ( P = 4.56 × 10 −3 , q = 0.036) whose metabolic pathways were related to blood pressure regulation (14), and Escherichia-Shigella ( P = 3.20 × 10 −4 , q = 4.14 × 10 −3 ) whose infection in gastroenteritis was correlated with an increased risk of hypertension (15). Moreover, we observed elevation of Pelomonas ( P = 1.63 × 10 −3 , q = 0.015) and Sphingomonas ( P = 1.86 × 10 −4 , q = 0.038) that have been reported to be found in blood microbiome and positively correlated with a few inflammatory markers (16), and the risk of hypertension (17), respectively.…”

Eucommia ulmoides bark extract reduces blood pressure and inflammation by regulating the gut microbiota and enriching the Parabacteroides strain in high-salt diet and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester induced mice

“…Faecalitalea was significantly increased in spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats compared to both Wistar Kyoto rats and SHRs ( Gutiérrez-Calabrés et al, 2020 ). Christensenella is a basonym for Catabacter , which was positively associated with hypertension in White and Black participants ( Louca et al, 2021 ). Christensenella timonensis may serve as a biomarker in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension mice ( Luo et al, 2021 ).…”

Dietary modulation of the gut microbiome as an immunoregulatory intervention

“…When analyzing the composition of the commensal microbiota, the high-inflam-mation group had the lowest a-diversity prior to dietary intervention. Low a-diversity has been associated with several diseases in prior work (Le Chatelier et al, 2013;Louca et al, 2021;Wilkins et al, 2019). There were no significant cohortwide fiber-induced changes in microbiome composition.…”