Gut microbiome response to short‐term dietary interventions in reactive hypoglycemia subjects

Quercia, Sara; Turroni, Silvia; Fiori, Jessica; Soverini, Matteo; Rampelli, Simone; Biagi, Elena; Castagnetti, Andréa; Consolandi, Clarissa; Pianesi, Mario; Fallucca, F.; Pozzilli, Paolo; Brigidi, Patrizia; Candela, Marco

doi:10.1002/dmrr.2927

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Additional research has shown minimal changes in the gut microbiome following exercise, although not under the context of severe metabolic syndrome (Kern et al, 2020 ; Taniguchi et al, 2018 ). The data presented herein substantiate the notion that dietary factors such as those associated with a “Western diet” have a significant impact on the gut microbiome (Cignarella et al, 2018 ; Quercia et al, 2017 ). Nevertheless, given that animals are consuming identical diets, this raises the possibility that a secreted factor(s) is able to traverse the intestinal barrier and impact specific bacterial species, a hypothesis under current investigation (Barger et al, 2020 ; Dalton et al, 2019 ; de Sire et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effect of voluntary exercise upon the metabolic syndrome and gut microbiome composition in mice

Moore

Terrazas

Strumwasser

et al. 2021

Physiological Reports

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The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that increase an individual's risk of developing diseases. Being physically active throughout life is known to reduce the prevalence and onset of some aspects of the metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, previous studies have demonstrated that an individual's gut microbiome composition has a large influence on several aspects of the metabolic syndrome. However, the mechanism(s) by which physical activity may improve metabolic health are not well understood. We sought to determine if endurance exercise is sufficient to prevent or ameliorate the development of the metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases. We also analyzed the impact of physical activity under metabolic syndrome progression upon the gut microbiome composition. Utilizing whole‐body low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) knockout mice on a “Western Diet,” we show that long‐term exercise acts favorably upon glucose tolerance, adiposity, and liver lipids. Exercise increased mitochondrial abundance in skeletal muscle but did not reduce liver fibrosis, aortic lesion area, or plasma lipids. Lastly, we observed several changes in gut bacteria and their novel associations with metabolic parameters of clinical importance. Altogether, our results indicate that exercise can ameliorate some aspects of the metabolic syndrome progression and alter the gut microbiome composition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effect of voluntary exercise upon the metabolic syndrome and gut microbiome composition in mice

Moore

Terrazas

Strumwasser

et al. 2021

Physiological Reports

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“…There is an interrelated link between nutrition and the microbiota because dietary habits influence colonization and life-long microbiome rearrangement. A pilot study involving patients with RH evaluated the composition of the gut microbiota and the potential role of a diet rich in fiber and fermented products [ 42 ]. The short-term observation confirmed the positive impact of diet composition on the increase in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are end products of the microbiota fermentation of complex carbohydrates in the gut.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Long-Term Impact of Dietary Interventions on Occurrence of Symptoms Consistent with Hypoglycemia in Patients without Diabetes: A One-Year Follow-Up Study

et al. 2022

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Background: A well-balanced nutritional diet pattern has a significant role in the management of diet-related disorders. Currently, there are no specific dietary guidelines to refer to when advising non-diabetic patients with symptoms attributed to hypoglycemia in the postprandial period or patients with confirmed reactive hypoglycemia (RH). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the dietary interventions, and their sustained outcome, on the severity of hypoglycemic-like symptoms occurring in non-diabetic patients. Methods: The study group included forty non-diabetic individuals with symptoms consistent with RH. At the baseline, each patient underwent RH diagnosis and complex dietary evaluation. Over a period of six months, each patient had four appointments with a dietitian. Two sessions were focused on a dietary education about low glycemic index diet (LGID) and Mediterranean diet (MD). The said diets were to be followed for a period of three months, with two additional dietary check-ups. Once dietary supervision was completed, patients had no imposed dietary patterns. The final follow-up appointment took place twelve months later and that is when each patient underwent a detailed assessment of their current dietary habits and evaluation of the frequency of symptoms consistent with hypoglycemia. Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in the severity in eight out of the ten analyzed hypoglycemic-like symptoms after the dietary interventions. The most significant change was observed in the following symptoms: hunger (η2 = 0.66), impaired concentration (η2 = 0.61), hand tremor (η2 = 0.55), and fatigue (η2 = 0.51). The outcomes were comparable for both recommended diets, the LGID and the MD. The reduction in hypoglycemic-like symptoms continued after the twelve-month period. The individualized dietary counselling significantly improved the patients’ eating habits in comparison to those present prior to intervention in terms of healthy diet index (F(2,78) = 27.30, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.41, 90%CI [0.26; 0.51]) and unhealthy diet index (F(2,78) = 433.39, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.91, 90%CI [0.89; 0.93]). Conclusions: Healthy modifications in dietary habits may improve patient’s well-being and reduce the severity of their postprandial symptoms attributed to hypoglycemia. Therefore, dietary intervention focused on appropriate nutritional management combined with follow-up consultations may be a beneficial step towards comprehensive treatment of non-diabetic patients who present with hypoglycemic-like symptoms in the postprandial period.

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“…The Ma-Pi 2 diet is rich in seaweeds, wholegrains, legumes and fermented products. Both diets followed for 3 days in 12 reactive hypoglycemic participants, induced no changes in the gut microbial composition, however the SCFA's in the Ma-Pi 2 diet group was increased significantly from baseline to the 4th day (99).…”

Section: Mediterranean Diet and Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 97%

Plant-Based Fat, Dietary Patterns Rich in Vegetable Fat and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Muralidharan¹,

Galié²,

Hernández‐Alonso³

et al. 2019

Front. Nutr.

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Diet is advocated as a key factor influencing gut microbiota. Several studies have focused on the effect of different carbohydrates, mainly fiber, on gut microbiota. However, what remains to be elucidated is the impact of a key component of diet that is widely debated upon: dietary fats. This review highlights the importance of understanding the source, quality, and type of fats that could differentially modify the intestinal microbiome. Fats from plant-based sources such as nuts, or vegetable oils have shown positive alterations in gut microbiota biodiversity both in in vivo and in vitro studies. Nuts and other plant-based fat sources, dietary patterns (e.g., Mediterranean diet) rich in polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats and, in some cases, polyphenols, and other phytochemicals, have been associated with increased bacterial diversity, as well beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria imparting a positive metabolic influence. It is with this interest, this narrative review brings together evidences on different plant-based fat sources, dietary patterns rich in vegetable fats, and associated changes in gut microbiota.

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Gut microbiome response to short‐term dietary interventions in reactive hypoglycemia subjects

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of voluntary exercise upon the metabolic syndrome and gut microbiome composition in mice

Effect of voluntary exercise upon the metabolic syndrome and gut microbiome composition in mice

Assessing Long-Term Impact of Dietary Interventions on Occurrence of Symptoms Consistent with Hypoglycemia in Patients without Diabetes: A One-Year Follow-Up Study

Plant-Based Fat, Dietary Patterns Rich in Vegetable Fat and Gut Microbiota Modulation

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