Gut Microbiome - Should we treat the gut and not the bones?

Jeyaraman, Madhan; Nallakumarasamy, Arulkumar; Jain, V.K.

doi:10.1016/j.jcot.2023.102149

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, a new frontier in OA research is emerging, one that explores the intricate connections between the gut microbiota (GMB) and joint health. In this editorial, we delve into the evolving understanding of how microbial diversity and functionality may influence the development and progression of OA, shedding light on the promising concept of the "gut-joint axis" [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut-Joint Axis in Osteoarthritis

Jeyaraman,

Ram,

Jeyaraman

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex and prevalent joint disease with a multifaceted pathogenesis, presenting a persistent challenge to medical researchers. However, recent investigations into the gut microbiota (GMB) have unveiled an intriguing connection with OA, giving rise to the concept of the "gut-joint axis". The human gut houses a diverse microbial ecosystem that plays pivotal roles in nutrient synthesis, metabolism, and immune modulation. Dysbiosis, or disruption of this microbial balance, can lead to inflammation through the release of proinflammatory cytokines and the production of inflammatory metabolites. This editorial delves into the evolving understanding of how the GMB may influence OA development and progression. Notably, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by gut microorganisms have emerged as potential players in maintaining bone homeostasis and reducing inflammation. Furthermore, compromised gut integrity can lead to endotoxemia and a pro-inflammatory state, contributing to OA. Recent research has highlighted differences in GMB composition and functionality between OA patients and healthy individuals, shedding light on specific microbial taxa and functional pathways associated with OA. The gut mycobiome (fungi) and virome (viruses) in OA remain largely unexplored, presenting exciting opportunities for future investigations. The emerging understanding of the gut-joint axis offers promising avenues for innovative OA prevention and treatment strategies, though further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex interactions.

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Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut-Joint Axis in Osteoarthritis

Jeyaraman,

Ram,

Jeyaraman

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…As such, there is a need for novel therapies that confer little to no side effects, are convenient for patients to use consistently, and are cost effective. Recent studies from our lab and others have shown that gut microbiota plays a critical role in regulating bone health in several etiologies of bone loss ( Sjögren et al, 2012 ; McCabe et al, 2015 ; Weaver, 2015 ; Hernandez, 2017 ; Quach and Britton, 2017 ; Wallace et al, 2017 ; Ohlsson and Sjögren, 2018 ; Pacifici, 2018 ; Cooney et al, 2020 ; Jeyaraman et al, 2023 ). We demonstrated that the microbiota composition is altered and linked with bone loss in several mouse models including GIO, post-antibiotic dysbiosis, type-1 diabetes, estrogen deficiency, and obesity ( Britton et al, 2014 ; McCabe et al, 2019 ; Schepper et al, 2019 ; 2020 ; Rios-Arce et al, 2020 ; Kang et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Korean red ginseng extract prevents bone loss in an oral model of glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis in mice

Chargo,

Kang,

Das

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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The gut microbiota and barrier function play important roles in bone health. We previously demonstrated that chronic glucocorticoid (GC)-induced bone loss in mice is associated with significant shifts in gut microbiota composition and impaired gut barrier function. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG, Panax Ginseng Meyer, Araliaceae) extract has been shown to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) in a subcutaneous pellet model in mice, but its effect on gut microbiota and barrier function in this context is not known. The overall goal of this study was to test the effect of KRG extract in a clinically relevant, oral model of GIO and further investigate its role in modulating the gut-bone axis. Growing male mice (CD-1, 8 weeks) were treated with 75 μg/mL corticosterone (∼9 mg/kg/day) or 0.4% ethanol vehicle in the drinking water for 4 weeks. During this 4-week period, mice were treated daily with 500 mg/kg/day KRG extract dissolved in sterile water or an equal amount of sterile water via oral gastric gavage. After 4 weeks of treatment, we assessed bone volume, microbiota composition, gut barrier integrity, and immune cells in the bone marrow (BM) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). 4 weeks of oral GC treatment caused significant distal femur trabecular bone loss, and this was associated with changes in gut microbiota composition, impaired gut barrier function and altered immune cell composition. Importantly, KRG extract prevented distal femur trabecular bone loss and caused significant alterations in gut microbiota composition but had only modest effects on gut barrier function and immune cell populations. Taken together, these results demonstrate that KRG extract significantly modulates the gut microbiota-bone axis and prevents glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in mice.

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Pathogens in FRI – Do bugs matter? - An analysis of FRI studies to assess your enemy

Thompson,

Qureshi

2024

Journal of Orthopaedics

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Gut Microbiome - Should we treat the gut and not the bones?

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

The Gut-Joint Axis in Osteoarthritis

The Gut-Joint Axis in Osteoarthritis

Korean red ginseng extract prevents bone loss in an oral model of glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis in mice

Pathogens in FRI – Do bugs matter? - An analysis of FRI studies to assess your enemy

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