Gut microbiome signatures distinguish type 2 diabetes mellitus from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Si, Jiyeon; Lee, Gil Jae; You, Hyun Ju; Joo, Seung Ki; Lee, Dong Hoon; Ku, Bon Jeong; Park, Seoyeon; Kim, Won; Ko, GwangPyo

doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2021.10.032

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Such potentially toxic VOCs could contribute to liver inflammation and apoptosis, leading to progressive liver disease, as recently postulated in an animal model [ 40 ]. Regarding Romboutsia , it was found as a principal genus associated with the the severity of NAFLD and diabetes [ 41 ]. Notably, oligonol therapy was also associated with a significant reduction in Erysipelotrichaceae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litchi-Derived Polyphenol Alleviates Liver Steatosis and Gut Dysbiosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study

et al. 2022

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Preclinical data suggest the role of litchi extract in alleviating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by modulating gut microbiota. We aimed at investigating whether oligonol, a litchi-derived polyphenol, could improve liver steatosis and gut dysbiosis in patients with NAFLD. Adults with grade ≥2 steatosis, defined by an MRI proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) of ≥11%, were randomly assigned to receive either oligonol or placebo for 24 weeks. The alteration in the MRI-PDFF and gut microbiota composition assessed by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing were examined. There were 38 patients enrolled (n = 19 in each group). A significant reduction in the MRI-PDFF between week 0 and week 24 was observed in the oligonol group, while there was a non-significant decrease in the placebo group. A significant improvement in alpha-diversity was demonstrated in both of the groups. The oligonol-induced microbiota changes were characterized by reduced abundance of pathogenic bacteria, including Dorea, Romboutsia, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 and Agathobacter, as well as increased abundance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, such as Akkermansia, Lachnospira, Dialister and Faecalibacterium. In summary, this study is the first to provide evidence that supports that oligonol improves steatosis through the modulation of gut bacterial composition. Our results also support the beneficial and complementary role of oligonol in treating NAFLD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litchi-Derived Polyphenol Alleviates Liver Steatosis and Gut Dysbiosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study

et al. 2022

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“…Data suggest that the genus Megamonas might be increased at the genus level of the gut microbiota in obese children with NAFLD but not in non obese children with NAFLD. A study in adults showed that Megamonas was www.nature.com/scientificreports/ associated with NAFLD alone, with no type 2 diabetes mellitus 30 . Another diabetes study found that Megamonas was enriched in the diabetes patient with normal glucose tolerance than the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus 31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of Megamonas species with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents revealed by metagenomics of gut microbiota

Zhou

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathophysiology of NAFLD through the gut–liver axis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the genus and species of gut microbiota and their functions in children and adolescents with NAFLD. From May 2017 to July 2018, a total of 58 children and adolescents, including 27 abnormal weight (AW) (obese) NAFLD patients, 16 AW non-NAFLD children, and 15 healthy children, were enrolled in this study at Shenzhen Children’s Hospital. All of them underwent magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to quantify the liver fat fraction. Stool samples were collected and analysed with metagenomics. According to body mass index (BMI) and MRS proton density fat fraction (MRS-PDFF), we divided the participants into BMI groups, including the AW group (n = 43) and the Lean group (n = 15); MRS groups, including the NAFLD group (n = 27) and the Control group (n = 31); and BMI-MRS 3 groups, including NAFLD_AW (AW children with NAFLD) (n = 27), Ctrl_AW (n = 16) (AW children without NAFLD) and Ctrl_Lean (n = 15). There was no difference in sex or age among those groups (p > 0.05). In the BMI groups, at the genus level, Dialister, Akkermansia, Odoribacter, and Alistipes exhibited a significant decrease in AW children compared with the Lean group. At the species level, Megamonas hypermegale was increased in the AW group, while Akkermansia muciniphila, Dialister invisus, Alistipes putredinis, Bacteroides massiliensis, Odoribacter splanchnicus, and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron were decreased in AW children, compared to the Lean group. Compared with the Control group, the genus Megamonas, the species of Megamonas hypermegale and Megamonas rupellensis, increased in the NAFLD group. Furthermore, the genus Megamonas was enriched in the NAFLD_AW group, while Odoribacter, Alistipes, Dialister, and Akkermansia were depleted compared with the Ctrl_Lean or Ctrl_AW group at the genus level. Megamonas hypermegale and Megamonas rupellensis exhibited a significant increase in NAFLD_AW children compared with the Ctrl_Lean or Ctrl_AW group at the species level. Compared with healthy children, the pathways of P461-PWY contributed by the genus Megamonas were significantly increased in NAFLD_AW. We found that compared to healthy children, the genus Megamonas was enriched, while Megamonas hypermegale and Megamonas rupellensis were enriched at the species level in children and adolescents with NAFLD. This indicates that the NAFLD status and/or diet associated with NAFLD patients might lead to the enrichment of the genus Megamonas or Megamonas species.

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“…A total of 38 studies [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]33,35,36,[38][39][40][41][44][45][46]48,49,[51][52][53]56,[58][59][60][61][62][64][65][66][68][69][70][71]74,75,78,79,82,84 provided data for α-diversity (Table 1), which was then assessed using eight indices, namely richness/evenness (Shannon T A B L E 2 Total analysis, stratified analysis, and sensitivity analysis among alpha diversity.…”

Section: α-Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Although numerous studies have shown that changes in gut microbiota might be associated with NAFLD risk, the research evidence is still largely inconsistent. 7,10 For example, the α-diversity (e.g., taxonomic richness and evenness) decreased in patients with NAFLD compared with healthy controls in some studies, [11][12][13][14][15] but some other studies might reveal null association 16,17 or even increased levels of α-diversity. 18,19 Similarly, heterogeneity was also observed for studies using β-diversity as outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of gut microbiota and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Su,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2023

Obesity Reviews

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SummaryThe present systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to summarize the associations between gut microbiota composition and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. To compare the differences between individuals with or without NAFLD, the standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval were computed for each α‐diversity index and relative abundance of gut microbes. The β‐diversity indices were summarized in a qualitative manner. A total of 54 studies with 8894 participants were included. Overall, patients with NAFLD had moderate reduction in α‐diversity indices including Shannon (SMD = −0.36, 95% CI = [−0.53, −0.19], p < 0.001) and Chao 1 (SMD = −0.42, 95% CI = [−0.68, −0.17], p = 0.001), but no significant differences were found for Simpson, observed species, phylogenetic diversity, richness, abundance‐based coverage estimator, and evenness (p ranged from 0.081 to 0.953). Over 75% of the included studies reported significant differences in β‐diversity. Although there was substantial interstudy heterogeneity, especially for analyses at the phylum, class, and family levels, the majority of the included studies showed alterations in the depletion of anti‐inflammatory microbes (i.e., Ruminococcaceae and Coprococcus) and the enrichment of proinflammatory microbes (i.e., Fusobacterium and Escherichia) in patients with NAFLD. Perturbations in gut microbiota were associated with NAFLD, commonly reflected by a reduction in beneficial species and an increase in the pathogenic species.

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Gut microbiome signatures distinguish type 2 diabetes mellitus from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Litchi-Derived Polyphenol Alleviates Liver Steatosis and Gut Dysbiosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study

Litchi-Derived Polyphenol Alleviates Liver Steatosis and Gut Dysbiosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study

The relationship of Megamonas species with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents revealed by metagenomics of gut microbiota

Composition of gut microbiota and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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