Gut microbiota composition after a dietary and physical activity intervention: a pilot study in Mexican children with obesity

Abstract

Background: Gut microbiota is a complex organized collection of microorganisms that confers multiple metabolic advantages to the host. The reduced diversity and proportion of specific gut microbial species have been associated with obesity and metabolic disorders. Multidimensional interventions, including modifications in dietary and physical activity habits, are associated with favorable changes in microbiota composition. This pilot study aimed to evaluate changes in the gut microbiota composition of Mexican children with obesity before and after a 6-week multidimensional intervention. Methods: Blood and stool samples were collected, and anthropometric measurements were obtained from six children with obesity before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted of modeling a hypo energetic diet and giving nutritional and physical activation recommendations. DNA from stool samples was used to characterize gut microbial composition by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Results: The decrease in waist circumference was associated with increased Odoribacter relative abundance. However, gut microbiota composition and diversity remained unchanged. Conclusions: Although no modifications in the body mass index, body fat, composition, or diversity of the gut microbiota were observed with the intervention, it was possible to associate the reduction in waist circumference with the presence of Odoribacter after a multidimensional intervention in Mexican children with obesity.

Malnutrición de la población infantil y adulta en américa latina

“…Google Académico (10) Scielo ( 25 El 40% de los encuestados tenían sobrepeso y el 20% eran obesos. Los hombres tienen una mayor prevalencia de sobrepeso, mientras que las mujeres tienen una mayor prevalencia de obesidad.…”

Exploring Gut Microbiota and the Influence of Physical Activity Interventions on Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

“…Figure 2 illustrates the selection process for this systematic review. The selected articles were published from 2009 to 2022; five were intervention longitudinal studies [19,23,[56][57][58], and one was retrospective [59]. Studies were conducted on children between 7 and 18 years old from the following ethnicities: Latino [56], Asian [19,57], Caucasian [23,58], and mixed [59].…”

“…The methods of faecal microbiota analysis were mostly 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and one used quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis [58]. The duration of the interventions ranged from 6 weeks to 12 weeks; two studies consisted of physical activity recommendations [19,56], three interventions prescribed a detailed exercise program [23,57,58], and one study applied a retrospective questionnaire about exercise frequency [59]. Furthermore, four interventions had simultaneously nutritional counselling [19,[56][57][58].…”

“…The duration of the interventions ranged from 6 weeks to 12 weeks; two studies consisted of physical activity recommendations [19,56], three interventions prescribed a detailed exercise program [23,57,58], and one study applied a retrospective questionnaire about exercise frequency [59]. Furthermore, four interventions had simultaneously nutritional counselling [19,[56][57][58]. Despite the different intervention approaches, given the scarcity of articles on this topic, we considered six articles for detailed analysis.…”

“…For most of the studies (n = 17) the "post-exposure interventions", "missing data", and the "measurement of the outcome" domains were judged as having a low risk of selection of bias (94.4%), with one study being judged as having some concerns. For The selected articles were published from 2009 to 2022; five were intervention longitudinal studies [19,23,[56][57][58], and one was retrospective [59]. Studies were conducted on children between 7 and 18 years old from the following ethnicities: Latino [56], Asian [19,57], Caucasian [23,58], and mixed [59].…”