Gut microbiota diversity across ethnicities in the United States

Brooks, Andrew; Priya, Sambhawa; Blekhman, Ran; Bordenstein, Seth R.

doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2006842

Cited by 234 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Race/ethnicity is associated with human microbiome patterns [45][46] [47]. In our study, resistome patterns differ between non-white and white pregnant women.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 66%

“…In our study, resistome patterns differ between non-white and white pregnant women. Unfortunately, race/ ethnicity encompasses many factors such as socio-economic status, diet, religion, lifestyle and genetic diversity [47] [48] which makes it difficult to specify a reason for our results. Differences may also be due to the small sample size of non-white participants in our study.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Perinatal risk factors for fecal antibiotic resistance gene patterns in pregnant women and their infants

et al. 2020

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Perinatal factors can shape fecal microbiome patterns among pregnant women and their infants. However, there is scarce information about the effect of maternal demographics and perinatal exposures on antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) and mobile genetic element (MGE) patterns in pregnant women and infants. We examined fecal samples from pregnant women during their third trimester of pregnancy (n = 51) and 6-month-old infants (n = 40). Of the 91 participants, 72 represented 36 maternal-infant dyads, 15 were additional pregnant women, and 4 were additional infants. We assessed the effects of demographics, pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking and parity in the pregnancy resistome and the effects of demographics, delivery mode, feeding habits and prenatal antibiotic treatment on the infancy resistome. ARG and MGE richness and abundance were assessed using a SmartChip qPCR-array. Alpha diversity (Shannon and Inverse Simpson index) and beta diversity (Sorensen and Bray-Curtis index) were calculated. The Wilcoxon and the Kruskal non-parametric test were used for comparisons. There is a high variability in shared resistome patterns between pregnant women and their infants. An average of 29% of ARG and 24% of MGE were shared within dyads. Infants had significantly greater abundance and higher diversity of ARG and MGE compared to pregnant women. Pregnancy and infancy samples differed in ARG and MGE gene composition and structure. Composition of the fecal resistome was significantly associated with race in pregnant women, with non-white women having different patterns than white women, and, in infants, with extent of solid food consumption. Our data showed that the pregnancy and infancy resistome had different structure and composition patterns, with maternal race and infant solid food consumption as possible contributors to ARG. By characterizing resistome patterns, our results can inform the mechanism of antibiotic resistome development in pregnant women and their infants.

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“…Race/ethnicity is associated with human microbiome patterns [45][46] [47]. In our study, resistome patterns differ between non-white and white pregnant women.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal risk factors for fecal antibiotic resistance gene patterns in pregnant women and their infants

et al. 2020

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“…14,15 For example, a recent study of 1,673 healthy adults showed gut microbiota diversity across different ethnicities in the United States. 16 Interestingly, the ethnicity-specific microbial taxa also included Christensenellaceae, a heritable taxon identified by Goodrich et al in a large-scale host-genome interaction study of twins. 17 These observations also make it intuitive to test the role of ethnicity in the acquisition and temporal development of the gut microbiota in early life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the existing knowledge in this context is limited because the reported studies have either focused on specific population subtypes (mainly Caucasians in Western countries) or lacked a longitudinal design, or have been unable to segregate the ethnicity-specific effects from other infant exposures. 16,18,19 Hence, a comprehensive analysis to parse the specific and dynamic effects of infant exposures and ethnicity on the establishment and interindividual variability of the early gut microbiota is highly warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic diversity in infant gut microbiota is apparent before the introduction of complementary diets

Lawley

Wong

et al. 2020

Gut Microbes

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The human gut microbiota develops soon after birth and can acquire inter-individual variation upon exposure to intrinsic and environmental cues. However, inter-individual variation has not been comprehensively assessed in a multi-ethnic study. We studied a longitudinal birth cohort of 106 infants of three Asian ethnicities (Chinese, Malay, and Indian) that resided in the same geographical location (Singapore). Specific and temporal influences of ethnicity, mode of delivery, breastfeeding status, gestational age, birthweight, gender, and maternal education on the development of the gut microbiota in the first 2 years of life were studied. Mode of delivery, breastfeeding status, and ethnicity were identified as the main factors influencing the compositional development of the gut microbiota. Effects of delivery mode and breastfeeding status lasted until 6M and 3M, respectively, with the primary impact on the diversity and temporal colonization of the genera Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium. The effect of ethnicity was apparent at 3M post-birth, even before the introduction of weaning (complementary) foods, and remained significant after adjusting for delivery mode and breastfeeding status. Ethnic influences remained significant until 12M in the Indian and Chinese infants. The microbiota of Indian infants was characterized by higher abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, while Chinese infants had higher abundances of Bacteroides and Akkermansia. These findings provide a detailed insight into the specific and temporal influences of early life factors and ethnicity in the development of the human gut microbiota. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov registration no. NCT01174875.

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“…O besity was the first human disease phenotype to be associated with an altered microbial ecology of the gut (1,2). The link between the relative abundance in the gut of the bacterial family Christensenellaceae and a low host body mass index (BMI) now stands as one of the most robust associations described between the human gut microbiome and host BMI (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Compared to other families of bacteria that comprise the human gut microbiome, the family Christensenellaceae was described relatively recently, when the type strain, Christensenella minuta, was reported in 2012 (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntrophy via Interspecies H ₂ Transfer between Christensenella and Methanobrevibacter Underlies Their Global Cooccurrence in the Human Gut

Ruaud

Esquivel-Elizondo

Cuesta-Zuluaga

et al. 2020

mBio

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Across human populations, 16S rRNA gene-based surveys of gut microbiomes have revealed that the bacterial family Christensenellaceae and the archaeal family Methanobacteriaceae cooccur and are enriched in individuals with a lean, compared to an obese, body mass index (BMI). Whether these association patterns reflect interactions between metabolic partners, as well as whether these associations play a role in the lean host phenotype with which they associate, remains to be ascertained. Here, we validated previously reported cooccurrence patterns of the two families and their association with a lean BMI with a meta-analysis of 1,821 metagenomes derived from 10 independent studies. Furthermore, we report positive associations at the genus and species levels between Christensenella spp. and Methanobrevibacter smithii, the most abundant methanogen of the human gut. By coculturing three Christensenella spp. with M. smithii, we show that Christensenella spp. efficiently support the metabolism of M. smithii via H2 production far better than Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron does. Christensenella minuta forms flocs colonized by M. smithii even when H2 is in excess. In culture with C. minuta, H2 consumption by M. smithii shifts the metabolic output of C. minuta’s fermentation toward acetate rather than butyrate. Together, these results indicate that the widespread cooccurrence of these microorganisms is underpinned by both physical and metabolic interactions. Their combined metabolic activity may provide insights into their association with a lean host BMI. IMPORTANCE The human gut microbiome is made of trillions of microbial cells, most of which are Bacteria, with a subset of Archaea. The bacterial family Christensenellaceae and the archaeal family Methanobacteriaceae are widespread in human guts. They correlate with each other and with a lean body type. Whether species of these two families interact and how they affect the body type are unanswered questions. Here, we show that species within these families correlate with each other across people. We also demonstrate that particular species of these two families grow together in dense flocs, wherein the bacteria provide hydrogen gas to the archaea, which then make methane. When the archaea are present, the ratio of bacterial products (which are nutrients for humans) is changed. These observations indicate that when these species grow together, their products have the potential to affect the physiology of their human host.

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Gut microbiota diversity across ethnicities in the United States

Cited by 234 publications

References 79 publications

Perinatal risk factors for fecal antibiotic resistance gene patterns in pregnant women and their infants

Perinatal risk factors for fecal antibiotic resistance gene patterns in pregnant women and their infants

Ethnic diversity in infant gut microbiota is apparent before the introduction of complementary diets

Syntrophy via Interspecies H ₂ Transfer between Christensenella and Methanobrevibacter Underlies Their Global Cooccurrence in the Human Gut

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Gut microbiota diversity across ethnicities in the United States

Cited by 234 publications

References 79 publications

Perinatal risk factors for fecal antibiotic resistance gene patterns in pregnant women and their infants

Perinatal risk factors for fecal antibiotic resistance gene patterns in pregnant women and their infants

Ethnic diversity in infant gut microbiota is apparent before the introduction of complementary diets

Syntrophy via Interspecies H 2 Transfer between Christensenella and Methanobrevibacter Underlies Their Global Cooccurrence in the Human Gut

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Syntrophy via Interspecies H ₂ Transfer between Christensenella and Methanobrevibacter Underlies Their Global Cooccurrence in the Human Gut