Gut microbiota in diabetes and HIV: Inflammation is the link

Estrada, Vicente; González, Noemí

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.11.019

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Owing to the more effective characterization of the metatranscriptome or metabolome at the functional level, further work is necessary to explore more detailed functional hierarchy and clarify the effects of these changes in intestinal flora using metagenomic analysis. Low-grade metabolic inflammation is one of the more important characteristics of metabolic syndrome and diabetes [36,37]. Our result showed there were an increase in mRNA expression of inflammatory factors and intestinal permeability in intestinal tissues of VAD diet-fed mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Changes in Intestinal Microbiota Are Associated with Islet Function in a Mouse Model of Dietary Vitamin A Deficiency

Zhou

Tang

et al. 2020

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Aims. The underlying mechanisms involved in Vitamin A- (VA-) related changes in glucose metabolic disorders remain unclear. Recent evidence suggests that intestinal microbiota is closely linked to the metabolic syndrome. Here, we explored whether and how intestinal microbiota affects glucose homeostasis in VA-deficient diet-fed mice. Methods. Six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly placed on either a VA-sufficient (VAS) or VA-deficient (VAD) diet for 10 weeks. Subsequently, a subclass of the VAD diet-fed mice was switched to a VA-deficient rescued (VADR) diet for an additional 8 weeks. The glucose metabolic phenotypes of the mice were assessed using glucose tolerance tests and immunohistochemistry staining. Changes in intestinal microbiota were assessed using 16S gene sequencing. The intestinal morphology, intestinal permeability, and inflammatory response activation signaling pathway were assessed using histological staining, western blots, quantitative-PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results. VAD diet-fed mice displayed reduction of tissue VA levels, increased area under the curve (AUC) of glucose challenge, reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and loss of β cell mass. Redundancy analysis showed intestinal microbiota diversity was significantly associated with AUC of glucose challenge and β cell mass. VAD diet-driven changes in intestinal microbiota followed the inflammatory response with increased intestinal permeability and higher mRNA expression of intestinal inflammatory cytokines through nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway activation. Reintroduction of dietary VA to VAD diet-fed mice restored tissue VA levels, endocrine hormone profiles, and inflammatory response, which are similar to those observed following VAS-controlled changes in intestinal microbiota. Conclusions. We found intestinal microbiota effect islet function via controlling intestinal inflammatory phenotype in VAD diet-fed mice. Intestinal microbiota influences could be considered as an additional mechanism for the effect of endocrine function in a VAD diet-driven mouse model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Changes in Intestinal Microbiota Are Associated with Islet Function in a Mouse Model of Dietary Vitamin A Deficiency

Zhou

Tang

et al. 2020

Journal of Diabetes Research

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“…HIV infection, metabolic disorders and cancer share common features such as chronic inflammation and dysbiosis, which includes the decreased abundance of A. muciniphila in the gut microbiota (4,40,71,(101)(102)(103)(104). Given this decreased abundance of A. muciniphila in PLWH, and considering the benefits of increasing A. muciniphila abundance in obesity, we hypothesize that A. muciniphila can act as a shield for gut permeability, preventing microbial translocation and reducing inflammation, with the aim toward decreasing risks of developing non-AIDS comorbidities in PLWH.…”

Section: Hypothesis: a Muciniphila As A Sentinel For Gut Permeabilitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila: A Sentinel for Gut Permeability and Its Relevance to HIV-Related Inflammation

et al. 2020

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“…HIV infection is associated with a marked inflammatory response and immune activation that does not disappear completely with ART. Given the close link between intestinal microbes and immunity, intestinal microbes caused by HIV infection play an important role in this change (Estrada and Gonzalez, 2018). Increased levels of pro-inflammatory and potentially pathogenic bacteria in the HIV-infected population contribute to increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in the intestine or circulation, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-22, resulting in the formation of an inflammatory environment.…”

Section: Effects Of Gut Microbiota Changes On Immune Reconstitution Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Gut Microbiota on Immune Reconstitution in Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of CD4 + T cells in the gut plays an insidious role in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pathogenesis. Host immune function is closely related to gut microbiota. Changes in the gut microbiota cause a different immune response. Previous studies revealed that HIV-1 infection caused changes in gut microbiota, which induced immune deficiency. HIV-1 infection results in an abnormal composition and function of the gut microbiota, which may disrupt the intestinal epithelial barrier and microbial translocation, leading to long-term immune activation, including inflammation and metabolic disorders. At the same time, an abnormal gut microbiota also hinders the effect of antiviral therapy and affects the immune reconstruction of patients. However, studies on the impact of the gut microbiota on immune reconstitution in patients with HIV/AIDS are still limited. In this review, we focus on changes in the gut microbiota caused by HIV infection, as well as the impact and regulation of the gut microbiota on immune function and immune reconstitution, while we also discuss the potential impact of probiotics/prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on immune reconstitution.

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Gut microbiota in diabetes and HIV: Inflammation is the link

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Changes in Intestinal Microbiota Are Associated with Islet Function in a Mouse Model of Dietary Vitamin A Deficiency

Changes in Intestinal Microbiota Are Associated with Islet Function in a Mouse Model of Dietary Vitamin A Deficiency

The Bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila: A Sentinel for Gut Permeability and Its Relevance to HIV-Related Inflammation

Regulation of Gut Microbiota on Immune Reconstitution in Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

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