Gut-microbiota in Obese Children and Adolescents: Inferred Functional Analysis and Machine-learning Algorithms to Classify Microorganisms

Abstract

The fecal microbiome of 55 obese children and adolescents (BMI-SDS 3.2+/-0.7) and of 25 normal-weight subjects, matched both for age and sex (BMI-SDS -0.3+/-1.1). Streptococcus, Acidaminococcus, Sutterella, Prevotella, Sutterellawadsworthensis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Prevotellacopri positively correlated with obesity. The inferred pathways strongly associated with obesity concern the biosynthesis pathways of tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and methionine pathways. Furthermore, polyamine biosynthesis virulence factors and pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway showed higher abundances in obese samples, while the butanediol biosynthesis showed low abundance in obese subjects. Different taxa strongly linked with obesity have been related to an increased risk of multiple diseases involving metabolic pathways related to inflammation (polyamine and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis). Cholesterol, LDL, and CRP positively correlated with specific clusters of microbial in obese patients. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes-ratio was lower in obese samples than in controls and differently from the literature we state that this ratio could not be a biomarker for obesity.

Environmental, socioeconomic, and health factors associated with gut microbiome species and strains in isolated Honduras villages

“…Higher abundances of Parabacteroides merdae (SGB1949) have been found in obese mice and have also exhibited a protective effect against obesity-associated atherosclerosis. 36 In human studies, Butyrivibrio crossotus (SGB5065) was found to be enriched in non-obese individuals, 37 and Sutterella wadsworthensis (SGB9286; one of our strongest positively correlated species) was found to be 10 times more abundant in obese children-adolescents 38 —both of which were consistent with these meta-analysis findings.…”

In‐depth multiomic characterization of the effects of obesity in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

“…Leuconostoc mesenteroides , mediating an electrogenic pathway to attenuate the accumulation of abdominal fat mass induced by HFD [35], was enriched in HFD‐fed mice in our study. Streptococcus thermophilus positively correlated with obesity [36], was enriched in HFD‐fed mice. Parabacteroides goldsteinii , represents novel prebiotics and probiotics that may be used to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes [37], was significantly enriched in HFD‐fed mice.…”

Machine learning reveals the interplay between muscle fatty acids and the gut microbiota: implications for high-quality pork

“…in ammation [19], cardiovascular diseases [31], and diabetes [32], and to explore the potential causal relationships of microbes with these diseases. The relationship between the gut microbiome and lipid metabolism in individuals with obesity has been widely investigated using machine learning [33][34][35][36]. For example, Bacteroides caccae, Odoribacter splanchnicus and Roseburia hominis were identi ed as obesity-related biomarkers using a vector machine model (0.485 R 2 ) in 2262 Chinese individuals, and obese individuals exhibited decreased diversity of these species [34].…”