Gut microbiota in patients after surgical treatment for colorectal cancer

Abstract

Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common disease worldwide that is strongly associated with the gut microbiota. However, little is known regarding the gut microbiota after surgical treatment. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to evaluate differences in gut microbiota among colorectal adenoma patients, CRC patients, CRC postoperative patients and healthy controls by comparing gut microbiota diversity, overall composition and taxonomic signature abundance. The gut microbiota of CRC patients, adenoma patients and healthy controls developed in accordance with the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence, with impressive shifts in the gut microbiota before or during the development of CRC. The gut microbiota of postoperative patients and CRC patients differed significantly. Subdividing CRC postoperative patients according to the presence or absence of newly developed adenoma which based on the colonoscopy findings revealed that the gut microbiota of newly developed adenoma patients differed significantly from that of clean intestine patients and was more similar to the gut microbiota of carcinoma patients than to the gut microbiota of healthy controls. The alterations of the gut microbiota between the two groups of postoperative patients corresponded to CRC prognosis. More importantly, we used the different gut microbiota as biomarkers to distinguish postoperative patients with or without newly developed adenoma, achieving an AUC value of 0.72. These insights on the changes in the gut microbiota of CRC patients after surgical treatment may allow the use of the microbiota as non‐invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of newly developed adenomas and to help prevent cancer recurrence in postoperative patients.

Alterations of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity in Soil with Elevation in Tropical Forests of China

“…The community composition was calculated by the percent of community abundance according to the average of OTU abundance of each OTU with the combination of less than 1% abundance of OTUs in different elevations of two mountains. AMF community richness, evenness and diversity were expressed by the index of sobs, shannoneven and Shannon based on AMF OTU level, respectively [24,25]. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was employed for exploring the relationships between AMF community and environmental variables at the level of p ≤ 0.05 and p ≤ 0.01, respectively.…”

Therapeutic methods of gut microbiota modification in colorectal cancer management – fecal microbiota transplantation, prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics

“…This may lead to the exploration of noninvasive markers to predict cancer recurrence after curative treatment. 74…”

Gut microbiota-based algorithms in the prediction of metachronous adenoma in colorectal cancer patients following surgery

“…Our previous cross-sectional study showed differences in post-operative fecal microbiota between patients with and without metachronous adenoma [18]. We wonder whether such difference could exist in the preoperational fecal samples, and if there could be relationship between pre-and postcolectomy gut microbiota profile.…”

“…As CRC develops gradually from premalignant adenomatous, accurate prediction and early detection polyp provides an opportunity to halt this process. Our previous study found that colorectal cancer patients who developed metachronous adenoma postoperatively showed distinct fecal microbiota, which can be potentially used for diagnosis for metachronous adenoma [18]. But this difference already existed before operation or formed postoperatively is still unknown.…”