Gut microbiota modulation via short-term administration of potential probiotic kefir yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus A4 and A5 in BALB/c mice

A comparative evaluation of the kefir yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus A4 and sulfasalazine in ulcerative colitis: anti-inflammatory impact and gut microbiota modulation

“…in the gut microbiota following the administration of 1 × 10 8 CFU mL −1 of Km A4 to healthy BALB/c mice. 13 Consistent with these results, several studies reported that the abundance of Bacteroidota was decreased, whereas that of Firmicutes was increased in DSS-induced colitis mice. 50,51 Bacteroides are major producers of short-chain fatty acids (acetate and propionate), which help maintain the stability of the immune system by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from NEUT and macrophages.…”

“…6 Compared to Sb MYA-796, Km A4 surpasses expectations through its robust survival in simulated GI conditions, notable safety profile, and gut microbiota modulation in a healthy mouse model. 13,18,19 To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of kefir-derived Km A4 against colitis. It emphasizes the significant β-glucan content of kefir and its resulting anti-inflammatory properties.…”

“…Km A4 (GenBank accession number MT793596) was isolated and characterized in our previous study. 10,13,18,19 Sb MYA-796 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Km A4 and Sb MYA-796 were added to 500 mL of potato dextrose broth (Difco; BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and incubated at 30 °C for 24 h to obtain 1 × 10 8 colony-forming units (CFU) per mL.…”

“…Kefir and its microbial constituents exhibit beneficial properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-obesity, and immunomodulatory effects, along with the ability to modulate gut microbiota. [10][11][12][13] In particular, gut microbiota may affect the gut immune system through its metabolites, such as short/or medium-chain fatty acids and polysaccharide A, and play a critical role in colonic inflammation. [14][15][16] Previously, we have shown that the yeast population consisting of Kluyveromyces marxianus (98.93%) is more dominant than Saccharomyces spp.…”

Certain Fermented Foods and Their Possible Health Effects with a Focus on Bioactive Compounds and Microorganisms

“…Kluyveromyces marxianus A4 and A5 supplementation showed good adhesion in Caco-2 cells. Kluyveromyces marxianus A4 increased Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidales, and Bacteroides, and Kluyveromyces marxianus A5 increased Corynebacteriales and Corynebacterium [45]. In another study, a high concentration of Kluyveromyces marxianus A5 decreased IL-6 [46].…”