Gut-Muscle Axis Exists and May Affect Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Training

Przewłócka, Katarzyna; Folwarski, Marcin; Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka, Karolina; Skonieczna-Żydecka, Karolina; Kaczor, Jan Jacek

doi:10.3390/nu12051451

Cited by 96 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(142 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

114

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The positive correlation between Firmicutes taxa and the percentage of body fat is not surprising, considering that an increase in Firmicutes can be associated with augmented hepatic de novo lipogenesis, increased uptake of fatty acids and storage of triglycerides in adipocytes, suppression of skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation, decrease in the gut motility, and consequent increase of intestinal transit time and nutrients absorption rate 49 , 50 . Regarding the negative association between Firmicutes and the muscle mass, recent findings on animal models showed that gut dysbiosis may increase inflammatory markers and reactive oxygen species generation, all contributing to skeletal muscle atrophy 51 . Similarly, findings from animal models have suggested an inverse association between Firmicutes and physical exercise, especially at high intensity 52 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota markers associated with obesity and overweight in Italian adults

Palmas

Pisanu

Madau

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

238

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study, we characterized the distinctive signatures of the gut microbiota (GM) from overweight/obese patients (OB), and normal-weight controls (NW), both of Sardinian origin. Fecal bacterial composition of 46 OB patients (BMI = 36.6 ± 6.0; F/M = 40/6) was analyzed and compared to that of 46 NW subjects (BMI = 21.6 ± 2.1; F/M = 41/5), matched for sex, age and smoking status, by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing on MiSeq Illumina platform. The gut microbial community of OB patients exhibited a significant decrease in the relative abundance of several Bacteroidetes taxa (i.e. Flavobacteriaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Flavobacterium, Rikenella spp., Pedobacter spp., Parabacteroides spp., Bacteroides spp.) when compared to NW; instead, several Firmicutes taxa were significantly increased in the same subjects (Lachnospiraceae, Gemellaceae, Paenibacillaceae, Streptococcaceae, Thermicanaceae, Gemella, Mitsuokella, Streptococcus, Acidaminococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Ruminococcus spp., Megamonas spp., Streptococcus, Thermicanus, Megasphaera spp. and Veillonella spp.). Correlation analysis indicated that body fatness and waist circumference negatively correlated with Bacteroidetes taxa, while Firmicutes taxa positively correlated with body fat and negatively with muscle mass and/or physical activity level. Furthermore, the relative abundance of several bacterial taxa belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family, known to exhibit endotoxic activity, was increased in the OB group compared to NW. The results extend our knowledge on the GM profiles in Italian OB, identifying novel taxa linking obesity and intestine.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota markers associated with obesity and overweight in Italian adults

Palmas

Pisanu

Madau

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

238

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent studies by several independent research groups have provided evidence for a bidirectional gut-muscle axis with profound implications for aging skeletal muscle and sarcopenia [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. As studies supporting a role for the gut microbiome in regulating muscle mass and function continue to accumulate [ 15 , 17 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], whether baseline microbial signatures may influence anabolic potential is deserving of deeper inquiry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the Contribution of Gut Microbiota to Age-Related Anabolic Resistance

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Globally, people 65 years of age and older are the fastest growing segment of the population. Physiological manifestations of the aging process include undesirable changes in body composition, declines in cardiorespiratory fitness, and reductions in skeletal muscle size and function (i.e., sarcopenia) that are independently associated with mortality. Decrements in muscle protein synthetic responses to anabolic stimuli (i.e., anabolic resistance), such as protein feeding or physical activity, are highly characteristic of the aging skeletal muscle phenotype and play a fundamental role in the development of sarcopenia. A more definitive understanding of the mechanisms underlying this age-associated reduction in anabolic responsiveness will help to guide promyogenic and function promoting therapies. Recent studies have provided evidence in support of a bidirectional gut-muscle axis with implications for aging muscle health. This review will examine how age-related changes in gut microbiota composition may impact anabolic response to protein feeding through adverse changes in protein digestion and amino acid absorption, circulating amino acid availability, anabolic hormone production and responsiveness, and intramuscular anabolic signaling. We conclude by reviewing literature describing lifestyle habits suspected to contribute to age-related changes in the microbiome with the goal of identifying evidence-informed strategies to preserve microbial homeostasis, anabolic sensitivity, and skeletal muscle with advancing age.

show abstract

“…In old rats, the use of NSAIDs increases muscle protein synthesis and decreases proteolysis ( Rieu et al., 2009 ). Therefore, the control of intestinal-originating chronic low-grade inflammation may be therapeutic in preventing sarcopenia and limiting muscle strength loss ( Przewlocka et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: How Do Gut Microbiota Cause Frailty?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of the Gut Microbiota and Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation in Older Adults With Frailty

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Frailty is a major public issue that affects the physical health and quality of life of older adults, especially as the population ages. Chronic low-grade inflammation has been speculated to accelerate the aging process as well as the development of age-related diseases such as frailty. Intestinal homeostasis plays a crucial role in healthy aging. The interaction between the microbiome and the host regulates the inflammatory response. Emerging evidence indicates that in older adults with frailty, the diversity and composition structure of gut microbiota are altered. Age-associated changes in gut microbiota composition and in their metabolites contribute to increased gut permeability and imbalances in immune function. In this review, we aim to: identify gut microbiota changes in the aging and frail populations; summarize the role of chronic low-grade inflammation in the development of frailty; and outline how gut microbiota may be related to the pathogenesis of frailty, more specifically, in the regulation of gut-derived chronic inflammation. Although additional research is needed, the regulation of gut microbiota may represent a safe, easy, and inexpensive intervention to counteract the chronic inflammation leading to frailty.

show abstract

Gut-Muscle Axis Exists and May Affect Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Training

Cited by 96 publications

References 122 publications

Gut microbiota markers associated with obesity and overweight in Italian adults

Gut microbiota markers associated with obesity and overweight in Italian adults

Evidence for the Contribution of Gut Microbiota to Age-Related Anabolic Resistance

The Roles of the Gut Microbiota and Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation in Older Adults With Frailty

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About