Time-reversal-symmetry-breaking three-spin interactions can suppress long-range magnetic order and stabilize quantum spin liquid states in frustrated lattices. We combine a classical approach, parton mean-field theory and variational Monte Carlo methods to study a spin-1/2 model with staggered three-spin interaction Jχ on the kagome lattice. In addition, we consider Heisenberg exchange couplings J1 on nearest-neighbor bonds and J d across the diagonals of the hexagons. In the regime of dominant Jχ, the phase diagram exhibits a gapless chiral spin liquid with a line Fermi surface. As we increase the exchange couplings, we find a variety of noncoplanar magnetic orders, including a phase that interpolates between cuboc-1 and cuboc-2 states. Our results show that the competition between induced staggered chirality and Heisenberg exchange interactions can give rise to unusual ground states of spin systems.