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Schuurman, Nadine; Fiedler, Rob; Grzybowski, Stefan; Grund, Darrin

doi:10.1186/1476-072x-5-43

Cited by 142 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Islands, points along an irregular coastline or lakeshore, and locations separated by uncrossable lakes, rivers, and mountains would be expected to have higher-than-expected travel times. This was the case for many locations in a study of hospital access in rural British Columbia (Schuurman et al 2006). In the New York State study just cited, points on opposing sides of the Hudson River where there were no nearby bridges were among the largest outliers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

A Nationwide Comparison of Driving Distance Versus Straight-Line Distance to Hospitals

Boscoe¹,

Henry²,

Zdeb

2012

The Professional Geographer

252

165

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Many geographic studies use distance as a simple measure of accessibility, risk, or disparity. Straight-line (Euclidean) distance is most often used because of the ease of its calculation. Actual travel distance over a road network is a superior alternative, although historically an expensive and labor-intensive undertaking. This is no longer true, as travel distance and travel time can be calculated directly from commercial Web sites, without the need to own or purchase specialized geographic information system software or street files. Taking advantage of this feature, we compare straight-line and travel distance and travel time to community hospitals from a representative sample of more than 66,000 locations in the fifty states of the United States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. The measures are very highly correlated (r2 > 0.9), but important local exceptions can be found near shorelines and other physical barriers. We conclude that for nonemergency travel to hospitals, the added precision offered by the substitution of travel distance, travel time, or both for straight-line distance is largely inconsequential.

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mentioning

confidence: 86%

A Nationwide Comparison of Driving Distance Versus Straight-Line Distance to Hospitals

Boscoe¹,

Henry²,

Zdeb

2012

The Professional Geographer

252

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Degree of isolation of a facility was defined using road travel time in minutes to the next nearest facility that had the capability and staff to perform emergency caesarean section (C-section facility) [23] For modelling, it was categorised into intervals of 1 h (Stage 1) and half hour (Stage 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Rural Birthing Index (RBI) is one such tool examining maternity services [23]. It was developed in British Columbia, Canada using data from focus groups and interviews to identify population derived indicators of maternity service need.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of maternity services across rural and remote Australia: does it reflect population need?

Rolfe

Donoghue

Longman

et al. 2017

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundAustralia has a universal health care system and a comprehensive safety net. Despite this, outcomes for Australians living in rural and remote areas are worse than those living in cities. This study will examine the current state of equity of access to birthing services for women living in small communities in rural and remote Australia from a population perspective and investigates whether services are distributed according to need.MethodsHealth facilities in Australia were identified and a service catchment was determined around each using a one-hour road travel time from that facility. Catchment exclusions: metropolitan areas, populations above 25,000 or below 1,000, and a non-birthing facility within the catchment of one with birthing. Catchments were attributed with population-based characteristics representing need: population size, births, demographic factors, socio-economic status, and a proxy for isolation - the time to the nearest facility providing a caesarean section (C-section). Facilities were dichotomised by service level – those providing birthing services (birthing) or not (no birthing). Birthing services were then divided by C-section provision (C-section vs no C-section birthing). Analysis used two-stage univariable and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsThere were 259 health facilities identified after exclusions. Comparing services with birthing to no birthing, a population is more likely to have a birthing service if they have more births, (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 1.50 for every 10 births, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [1.33-1.69]), and a service offering C-sections 1 to 2 h drive away (aOR: 28.7, 95% CI [5.59-148]). Comparing the birthing services categorised by C-section vs no C-section, the likelihood of a facility having a C-section was again positively associated with increasing catchment births and with travel time to another service offering C-sections. Both models demonstrated significant associations with jurisdiction but not socio-economic status.ConclusionsOur investigation of current birthing services in rural and remote Australia identified disparities in their distribution. Population factors relating to vulnerability and isolation did not increase the likelihood of a local birthing facility, and very remote communities were less likely to have any service. In addition, services are influenced by jurisdictions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2084-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The literature focusing on health care catchment areas is extremely limited, with significant gaps in accounts of the methodologies used to develop health care catchment definitions (Schuurman, Fiedler, Grzybowski, & Grund, 2006). Previous research has used zip codes, counties, and specified mileages or travel times to define health care markets (Basu & Cooper, 2000; Gresenz, Rogowski, & Escarce, 2004; Grzybowski, Stoll, & Kornelsen, 2011; Hall, Kaufman, & Ricketts, 2006; Lowe et al, 2009; Rudavsky & Mehrotra, 2010; Schuurman et al, 2006; Virnig, Ma, Hartman, Moscovice, & Carlin, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has used zip codes, counties, and specified mileages or travel times to define health care markets (Basu & Cooper, 2000; Gresenz, Rogowski, & Escarce, 2004; Grzybowski, Stoll, & Kornelsen, 2011; Hall, Kaufman, & Ricketts, 2006; Lowe et al, 2009; Rudavsky & Mehrotra, 2010; Schuurman et al, 2006; Virnig, Ma, Hartman, Moscovice, & Carlin, 2006). We chose a market radius of 5 miles for both rural and urban areas because unlike using zip codes or counties with substantial variation in size of the catchment area, a 5-mile radius allows for true market comparison.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebalance Without the Balance: A Research Note on the Availability of Community-Based Services in Areas Where Nursing Homes Have Closed

Tyler

Fennell

2015

Res Aging

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Policies to “rebalance” funding away from nursing homes and toward home and community-based services (HCBS) have encouraged national trends of nursing home closure and an expansion of the HCBS industry. These changes are unfolding without a clear understanding of what services are available at the local level. The purpose of this study was: (1) to describe the current distribution of community-based services (CBS) in areas where nursing homes have closed and (2) to examine differences in availability of CBS using local market and population characteristics as regressors in a multinomial logistic model. We collected data on and geocoded CBS facilities and then used ArcGIS to define a 5-mile radius around all nursing homes that closed between 2006 and 2010 and compared these local market areas. In rural areas, availability of CBS does not appear to compensate for nursing home closures. Policies encouraging HCBS may be outpacing availability of CBS, especially in rural areas.

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Untitled

Cited by 142 publications

References 23 publications

A Nationwide Comparison of Driving Distance Versus Straight-Line Distance to Hospitals

A Nationwide Comparison of Driving Distance Versus Straight-Line Distance to Hospitals

The distribution of maternity services across rural and remote Australia: does it reflect population need?

Rebalance Without the Balance: A Research Note on the Availability of Community-Based Services in Areas Where Nursing Homes Have Closed

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