Gynodioecy inThymus pulegioidesL.,T. serpyllumL., and their hybridT. × oblongifoliusOpiz (Lamiaceae): Flower size dimorphism, female frequency, and effect of environmental factors

Stakelienė, Violeta; Ložienė, Kristina

doi:10.1080/11263504.2012.756435

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Environmental conditions influence size of plants, age structure of population (Penkovska, 2020), ratio between hermaphrodite and female species (gynodiasis) (Stakelien & Ložien, 2014), and qualitative composition of essential oils. All of this influences the quality of herbal material and resource potential of species (Tymchenko et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…serpyllum and their hybrid Th. × oblongifolius Opiz have larger flowers and pistil compared with the female flowers due to specifics of fertilization (Stakelien & Ložien, 2014). In Th.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of herbal raw material depends on growth conditions, which affect the size of plants, sex (gynodioecy) and age structure of populations, and also the resource potential of species of Thymus genus (Stakelien & Ložien, 2014;Kryvtsova et al, 2019;Talebi et al, 2019;Penkovska, 2020). Furthermore, not only morphologically close species, but also various populations of one species have different quantitative and qualititative compositions of essential oils, which sometimes reduces the quality of HRM (Sárosi et al, 2012;Vaičiulytė et al, 2016;Wester et al, 2020;Boyko & Brygadyrenko, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Diagnostic traits of medicinal herbal raw material of species of Thymus genus

Hrytsyna

Skybitska

Novikevich

2022

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper presents the peculiarities of morphological-anatomical structure of the organs, which are diagnostic traits of herbal raw materials (HRM) of the commonest species of Thymus L. genus in the moderate climatic zone. We determined that the studied species develop a subshrub life form, which grows monopodially in Th. pulegioides and Th. marschallianus, and sympodially with mono-, di- and polycyclic types of monocarpic shoots in Th. serpyllum. Inflorescence is of thyrsoid type with opposite partial inflorescences, which are constituents of simple dichasia with monochasia. Macroscopic and microscopic diagnostic features of the HRM are structure and pubescence on the stem, leaves and flowers, the anatomical structure of which was studied on 20 µm thick transversal sections using a light microscope. In Th. pulegioides, stems are tetrahedral, pubescent on ribs with unicellular and two-cellular elbow-shaped hairs. Leaves are ovoid, covered by multiangular epidermis that bears diacytic stromas, sharpened capitate unicellular and two-cellular hairs and 10–12 cellular essential oil glandules. In Th. marschallianus, the stems are poorly tetrahedral, rounded, pubescent on the entire surface. Leaves are elliptic, the cells of the epidermis are elongated, significantly tortuous, with 10–12 cellular glandules, diacytic stromas, capitate and unicellular hairs. In Th. serpyllum, the stems are cylindric, pubescent all round. The leaves are elongated-elliptic, epidermis cells are oval, tortuous, stromas are diacytic, essential oil glandules are 8–10 cellular, number of papilla-like hairs is low. The petioles and lamina base of the studied species are pubescent on the sides with short, coned and elbow-shaped, 2–3 cellular hairs, among which there are long, 4–8 cellular hairs; the hairs in Th. serpyllum are multicellular, interrupted. In mesophyll, there are schizogenous essential oil reservoirs. In Th. marschallianus and Th. pulegioídes, the calyx is campanulate, bilabiate, and pubescent. The flower corolla is purple-violet, bilabiate, has tube and outward bend, pubescent inside with coned unicellular hairs, has essential oil glandules and glandular capitate hairs, and pubescence in the fauces comprises long unicellular hairs. In Th. pulegioídes, cells of the corolla epidermis are multiangular-shaped with insignificantly wavy walls, in Th. marschallianus ‒ rectangular with significantly wavy walls. Cells of the tube epidermis are rectangular, tortuous. Surface of the corolla of Th. serpyllum is pubescent on both sides with short, cone-like and three-cellular, interrupted hairs, and also capitate hairs, and has essential oil glandules. Epidermis cells are multi-angular, tubes – rectangular and narrow. The obtained results may be used for diagnostics of HRM of morphologically similar species during their preparation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…serpyllum and their hybrid Th. × oblongifolius Opiz have larger flowers and pistil compared with the female flowers due to specifics of fertilization (Stakelien & Ložien, 2014). In Th.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diagnostic traits of medicinal herbal raw material of species of Thymus genus

Hrytsyna

Skybitska

Novikevich

2022

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Sex allocation in gynodioecious Cyananthus delavayi differs between gender morphs and soil quality

Chen

Yang

et al. 2017

Plant Reprod

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sex allocation in Cyananthus delavayi. Gynodioecy, where females and hermaphrodites coexist in the same natural population, is particularly suitable for predicting the ecological pressures that drive the stability of gender polymorphism. Since females have a disadvantage in that they only contribute to the next generation via ovules, they should gain an advantage via other means, of which resource allocation is an important component. Thus, to study their sex allocation is very helpful to understand how the dimorphic sexual system is maintained in natural systems. We studied the sex allocation patterns and reproductive output of the gynodioecious Cyananthus delavayi in three populations with different soil qualities (organic matter, N, P and K). The hermaphroditic flowers and pistils were much larger than those of female individuals. Although both gender morphs invested similar biomass in the pistils, females allocated more of their resource pool to the seed production, while hermaphrodites allocated more to pollinator advertisement. The pollen production of hermaphrodites did not differ between populations, suggesting that pollen production by hermaphrodites was not limited by soil nutrients. Fruit set of females, but not hermaphrodites, decreased with declining soil quality, whereas seeds per fruit of both females and hermaphrodites were highest in poor soils. Overall, this study shows that females achieve greater reproductive success by allocating more of their resource pool to enhancing seed production, which should favor their presence in gynodioecious populations. The hermaphrodites achieve reproductive success from both pollen and seed production, and unnecessarily reduce their allocation to pollen production. Soil quality should explain, at least partially, the sexual allocation patterns. Furthermore, some of our findings contradict previous hypotheses, thus adding a new example to the body of research on plant sex allocation and the development of future theories.

show abstract