Hydrogen peroxide production by direct synthesis (H 2 + O 2 → H 2 O 2 ) is a promising alternative to the commercialized indirect process involving sequential hydrogenation and oxidation of anthraquinones. Metal dopants are known to enhance the performance of Pd-based catalysts in this reaction by increasing H 2 O 2 rates and selectivity. Recently, binary and ternary Pd-based alloys with Pb have been proposed as catalysts by theoretical studies, but these compositions lack experimental proof. Herein, shape-selective Pd 3 Pb nanocrystals were created to produce catalysts where the active and doping metal are colocalized to a fine extent. This strategy enables us to study the effects of both Pb doping and nanocrystal shape on the catalytic performance in direct H 2 O 2 synthesis. In order to achieve these goals, we developed a procedure for the shape-controlled synthesis of Pb-doped nanocrystals with phase-pure, intermetallic Pd 3 Pb composition. By a change of the ligands, uniform Pd 3 Pb nanocrystals with cubic, cuboctahedral, and spherical shapes as well as flowerlike aggregates were obtained, which were supported on acid-treated TiO 2 . We show that the catalytic efficiency in direct H 2 O 2 synthesis not only is influenced by the nanocrystal composition but also depends on the particle shape. Pd 3 Pb cubes, predominately terminated by their (200) facets, outperformed not only the monometallic Pd reference catalyst but also Pd 3 Pb nanocrystals with other shapes. Further DFT calculations and surface studies indicated not only the electronic modification of Pd surface atoms with a higher barrier for O 2 dissociation on Pd 3 Pb but also a lack of larger Pd ensembles in Pd 3 Pb cubes which are known to cleave O−O bonds and form water.