H1N1 Influenza Virus in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Literature Review Examining Both Disease Entities and Their Association in Light of the 2009 Pandemic

Wiltshire, Dwayne; Vahora, Ilmaben S; Tsouklidis, Nicholas; Kumar, Rajat; Khan, Safeera

doi:10.7759/cureus.9218

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In less severe ILD cases without ARDS, viral infection has been associated with fibrosis initiation, progression, reduced lung function, and even exacerbation. Also, patients with cystic fibrosis showed a decline in their lung function following infection, which has been seen in other viral illnesses, such as influenza [20,21]. The data regarding cystic fibrosis was obtained by only having two patients, making this less reliable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and the effects on pulmonary function following infection: A retrospective analysis

et al. 2021

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been identified in over 110 million people with no studies comparing pre-infection pulmonary function to post-infection. This study's aim was to compare preinfection and post-infection pulmonary function tests (PFT) in COVID-19 infected patients to better delineate between preexisting abnormalities and effects of the virus. Methods: This was a retrospective multi-center cohort study. Patients were identified based on having COVID-19 and a pre-and post-infection PFT within one year of infection during the time period of March 1, 2020 to November 10, 2020. Findings: There was a total of 80 patients, with an even split in gender; the majority were white (n = 70, 87¢5%) and never smokers (n = 42, 52¢5%). The majority had mild to moderate COVID-19 disease (n = 60, 75¢1%) with 25 (31¢2%) requiring hospitalization. There was no difference between the pre-and post-PFT data, specifically with the forced vital capacity (FVC) (p = 0¢52), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (p = 0¢96), FEV1/FVC(p = 0¢66), total lung capacity (TLC) (p = 0¢21), and diffusion capacity (DLCO)(p = 0¢88). There was no difference in the PFT when analyzed by hospitalization and disease severity. After adjusting for potential confounders, interstitial lung disease (ILD) was independently associated with a decreased FEV1 (-2¢6 [95% CI, -6¢7 to -1¢6] vs. -10¢3 [95% CI, -17¢7 to -2¢9]; p = 0¢03) and an increasing age (p = 0¢01) and cystic fibrosis (-1¢1 [95% CI, -4¢5 to-2¢4] vs. -36¢5 [95% CI, -52¢1 to -21¢0]; p < 0¢01) were associated with decreasing FVC when comparing pre and post infection PFT. Only increasing age was independently associated with a reduction in TLC (p = 0¢01) and DLCO (p = 0¢02) before and after infection. Interpretation: This study showed that there is no difference in pulmonary function as measured by PFT before and after COVID-19 infection in non-critically ill classified patients. There could be a relationship with certain underlying lung diseases (interstitial lung disease and cystic fibrosis) and decreased lung function following infection. This information should aid clinicians in their interpretation of pulmonary function tests obtained following COVID-19 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and the effects on pulmonary function following infection: A retrospective analysis

et al. 2021

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“…People with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) are predisposed to respiratory infections due to impaired mucociliary clearance resulting from genetic variants encoding for abnormal cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The 2009 H1N1 Influenza A pandemic saw an incidence of 2.3% to 4.4% and a 50% to 70% rate of hospitalizations in pwCF [ 3 , 4 ]. In contrast to the H1N1 pandemic, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in extensive global lockdown and implementation of universal masking and contact precautions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical impact of the Covid-19 pandemic first wave on patients with cystic fibrosis in New York

Simonson

Esposito

Frantzen

et al. 2022

Journal of Cystic Fibrosis

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“…CF is a complex multisystemic disease that primarily affects the lungs, and at this time still poses major treatment challenges. Any supplementary respiratory condition can have a severe course in these patients given the chronic microbial lung colonization or infection and the constant deterioration in functioning of the lungs [ 11 ]. However, the course of COVID-19 disease in patients with CF appears to be favorable [ 1 , 2 , 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Case of COVID-19 Treated with Monoclonal Anti-Spike Antibodies in a Patient with Cystic Fibrosis in Romania

et al. 2022

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Patients with chronic lung conditions, including cystic fibrosis, may be prone to severe COVID-19. Therefore, therapeutic intervention should be prompt and tailored to all associated comorbidities. We report the case of a 17-year-old male adolescent with cystic fibrosis and multiple chronic conditions (bronchiectasis, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, chronic multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization, nasal polyposis, chronic sinusitis, ventricular extrasystoles and multiple drug allergies), who presented with an acute episode of productive cough, and was confirmed with moderate COVID-19 based on positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and lung imaging showing isolated foci of interstitial pneumonia. Intravenous treatment with the monoclonal antibody cocktail casirivimab and imdevimab was administered. The evolution was favorable, with rapid remission of the inflammatory syndrome and gradual decrease of cough, without progression to severe or critical COVID-19, but with complications such as repeated hemoptysis, which was due to the patient’s underlying conditions, and which required close monitoring for timely adjustment of the patient’s chronic treatment.

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H1N1 Influenza Virus in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Literature Review Examining Both Disease Entities and Their Association in Light of the 2009 Pandemic

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

COVID-19 and the effects on pulmonary function following infection: A retrospective analysis

COVID-19 and the effects on pulmonary function following infection: A retrospective analysis

The clinical impact of the Covid-19 pandemic first wave on patients with cystic fibrosis in New York

First Case of COVID-19 Treated with Monoclonal Anti-Spike Antibodies in a Patient with Cystic Fibrosis in Romania

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