H2/air alkaline membrane fuel cell performance and durability, using novel ionomer and non-platinum group metal cathode catalyst

Piana, Michele; Boccia, Massimiliano; Filpi, Antonio; Flammia, Elisa; Miller, Hamish A.; Orsini, Marco; Salusti, Francesca; Santiccioli, Serena; Ciardelli, Francesco; Pucci, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.12.085

Cited by 157 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…% resulted in a complete Pt surface blockage by the 4VP molecules, as shown in Figure 2c, even though the adherence and mechanical properties of the 4VP-Pt/CB/GDE/T improved significantly compared to the other percentages. In this regard, Mamlouk et al [23] and references therein [22,[41][42][43][44][45][46] have reviewed the importance of ionomer optimisation on the preparation of catalytic inks, and therefore on the electrocatalytic layers of both cathode and anode electrodes towards hydrogen and direct alcohol alkaline fuel cells. Accordingly, the design of the catalytic ink is crucial to obtain electrodes with improved mechanical, thermal stability, electrocatalytic activity and durability performance.…”

Section: Physicochemical and Electrochemical Characterisation Of The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Assessment of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrochemical Reactor Under Alkaline Conditions − a Case Study With the Electrooxidation of Alcohols

García‐Cruz

Casado-Coterillo

Irabien

et al. 2016

Electrochimica Acta

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A novel polymer electrolyte membrane electrochemical reactor (PEMER) configuration has been employed for the direct electrooxidation of propargyl alcohol (PGA), a model primary alcohol, towards its carboxylic acid derivatives in alkaline medium. The PEMER configuration comprised of an anode and cathode based on nano-particulate Ni and Pt electrocatalysts, respectively, supported on carbonaceous substrates. The electrooxidation of PGA was performed in 1.0 M NaOH, where a cathode based on a gas diffusion electrode was manufactured for the reduction of oxygen in alkaline conditions. The performance of a novel alkaline anion-exchange membrane based on Chitosan (CS) and Poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) in a 50:50 composition ratio doped with a 5 wt.% of poly (4-vinylpyridine) organic ionomer cross-linked, methyl chloride quaternary salt resin (4VP) was assessed as solid polymer electrolyte. The influence of 4VP anionic ionomer loading of 7, 12 and 20 wt.% incorporated into the electrocatalytic layers was examined by SEM and cyclic voltammetry (CV) upon the optimisation of the electroactive area, the mechanical stability and cohesion of the catalytic ink onto the carbonaceous substrate for both electrodes. The performance of the 4VP/CS:PVA membrane was compared with the commercial alkaline anion-exchange membrane FAA -a membrane generally used in alkaline fuel cells-in terms of polarisation plots in alkaline conditions. Furthermore, preparative electrolyses of the electrooxidation of PGA was performed under alkaline conditions of 1 M NaOH at constant current density of 20 mA cm -2 using a PEMER configuration to provide proof of the principle of the feasibility of the electrooxidation of other alcohols in alkaline media. PGA conversion to Z isomers of 3-(2-propynoxy)-2-propenoic acid (Z-PPA) was circa 0.77, with average current efficiency of 0.32. Alkaline stability of the membranes within the PEMER configuration was finally evaluated after the electrooxidation of PGA.

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Section: Physicochemical and Electrochemical Characterisation Of The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Assessment of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrochemical Reactor Under Alkaline Conditions − a Case Study With the Electrooxidation of Alcohols

García‐Cruz

Casado-Coterillo

Irabien

et al. 2016

Electrochimica Acta

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“…The Italian Company, Acta spa [151], have reported performance data for a H 2 /O 2 fuel cell employing a membrane developed in collaboration with the University of Pisa and indicate the achievement of a current density of 1 A cm À2 although with a membrane IR drop probably approaching 250 mV. The Tokuyama Corp have been developing hydroxide conducting membranes with a lower resistance both by investigating new polymers and producing very thin membranes [152].…”

Section: à2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for alkaline zero gap water electrolysers for hydrogen production

Pletcher

2011

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

304

193

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“…Even so, the use of alkaline polymeric membranes comes at the cost of increased overpotential for hydrogen evolution, and lower membrane conductivity and stability. [13][14][15] Regardless of the pH of the electrolyte, robust OER catalyst benchmarks are required that allow a straightforward comparison of catalyst performance between different experimental groups. [4,7] Critical parameters include: 1) the geometric activity, that is, the current normalised according to the geometric or projected area, 2) the mass activity, that is, the current per unit mass precious metals, 3) the specific activity, the current normalised according to the microscopic area, and 4) the stability of the catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking the Stability of Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts: The Importance of Monitoring Mass Losses

et al. 2014

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Because of the rising need for energy storage, potentially facilitated by electrolyzers, improvements to the catalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) become increasingly relevant. Standardized protocols have been developed for determining critical figures of merit, such as the electrochemical surface area, mass activity and specific activity. Even so, when new and more active catalysts are reported, the catalyst stability tends to play a minor role. In this work, we monitor corrosion on RuO2 and MnOx by combining the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). We show that a meaningful estimation of the stability cannot be achieved based on purely electrochemical tests. On the catalysts tested, the anodic dissolution current was four orders of magnitude lower than the total current. We propose that even if long‐term testing cannot be replaced, a useful evaluation of the stability can be achieved with short‐term tests by using EQCM or ICP–MS.

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H2/air alkaline membrane fuel cell performance and durability, using novel ionomer and non-platinum group metal cathode catalyst

Cited by 157 publications

References 7 publications

Performance Assessment of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrochemical Reactor Under Alkaline Conditions − a Case Study With the Electrooxidation of Alcohols

Performance Assessment of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrochemical Reactor Under Alkaline Conditions − a Case Study With the Electrooxidation of Alcohols

Prospects for alkaline zero gap water electrolysers for hydrogen production

Benchmarking the Stability of Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts: The Importance of Monitoring Mass Losses

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