H2O2-Mediated Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants

Hieno, Ayaka; Ara, Naznin Hushuna; Yamamoto, Yoshiharu Y.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95315-1_2

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 97 publications

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“…Accumulation of ROS is caused by the unbalanced metabolic flow or energy production processes and observed as a symptom of all the known environmental stresses in higher plants. Therefore, it is reasonable that ROS is a general signal for all the environmental stresses [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Metabolism and Transcriptional Regulation in Higher Plants

Hayami

Yamamoto

2021

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Metabolism, which is a flow of metabolites, is orchestrated by gene expression, and it is in turn regulated by metabolites. Some of the metabolites are known to act as signaling molecules that regulate metabolism and also developmental processes in plants. Here we summarize findings about metabolites-directed gene regulation, focusing on primary metabolites including sugars and organic acids. Abundant soluble sugars such as sucrose and glucose are known to induce genes involved in starch storage, synthesis and degradation. These sugars also activate anthocyanin biosynthesis and suppress photosynthetic genes, both of which promote photoprotection responses. Several kinases, like hexokinase, sucrose non-fermenting1-related kinase 1 and target of rapamycin kinase have been identified, which are the major regulators of transcriptional regulation by these sugars. Although less studied than sugars, metabolites constituting the TCA cycle are good candidates of signaling molecules, because they are located in the primary metabolism adjacent to the respiratory electron transport system and thus are reflected by both primary metabolism and redox status of the electron transport system. Some organic acids as citrate, malate and 2-oxoglutarate have also been known to be implicated in the regulation of gene expression. Deficiency or over accumulation of some primary metabolites not only modulate gene expression of the local metabolic enzymes to supplement distorted metabolism but produce signals to balance between bigger metabolic blocks like carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. Status of primary metabolites can also produce signals of overall energy levels of plants. Relationship of sugar signaling to reactive oxygen species signaling is also suggested.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Metabolism and Transcriptional Regulation in Higher Plants

Hayami

Yamamoto

2021

RAS

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Changes in colour during leaf development of

et al. 2021

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Leaf development is affected by different amounts of light, leading to structural and physiological gradients. Young leaves are normally more sensitive to high light levels, which may trigger different strategies for light protection. On this basis, the objective of the current study was to determine strategies used by young (1st node, red), in transition (2nd node, starting to become green, and 4th node, almost all green) and mature (6th node, green) leaves of Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae) to deal with light. Young leaves showed less structural protection from light, which improved after the 2nd node. The reddish colour of young E. uniflora leaves is mainly due the greater production of photoprotective pigments, mainly anthocyanins, although the chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio showed some contribution by the carotenoids. Reactive oxygen species were homogeneously distributed in the young leaves, turning to malondialdehyde only in older leaves. The lower structural protection from light and physiological immaturity of young E. uniflora leaves lead to photoinhibition and reduced quantum yield during at times of highest light intensity of the day, causing lower efficiency in electron transport. The E. uniflora case clarifies the occurrence of different defence strategies against light exposure according to leaf developmental stages.

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H2O2-Mediated Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants

Cited by 2 publications

References 97 publications

Primary Metabolism and Transcriptional Regulation in Higher Plants

Primary Metabolism and Transcriptional Regulation in Higher Plants

Changes in colour during leaf development of

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