Habits of collective memory

Wertsch, James V.; Jäggi, Olivia L.

doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.07.005

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The ultimate attainment of a fixed sense of identity endpoint remains uncertain; for these individuals, the evolution of their self-structure occurred in response to new experiences, alongside the development of collective memories. The group’s shared narrative implies an indefinite continuation of self-reconfiguration [ 41 ], supporting the idea that identity formation is an ongoing process and not a fixed entity [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

A Qualitative Study of Adolescents from Refugee Backgrounds Living in Australia: Identity and Resettlement

Khawaja,

Schweitzer

2024

IJERPH

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Identity formation among young people from refugee backgrounds is complex, as it occurs while they are both integrating into a novel cultural landscape and navigating the intricacies of adolescence. The present study explored sense of identity and experiences among refugee youth in the context of resettlement. Nineteen young people (15–18 years) from refugee backgrounds, settled in Brisbane, Australia, took part in the study. An individual semi-structured interview, drawing upon the Tree of Life method, was used. The thematic analysis (TA) methodology was adopted, and several themes emerged: experiencing changes in family roles; experience of belonging; experience of bonds with lost loved ones; dealing with emotions in a new context; experience of self in the context of change. There was one emergent overarching theme of meaning-making in the context of change. These themes were explicated within the framework of social identity and sociocultural theories, which emphasises the dynamic co-construction of identity through the interplay of belonging and meaning-making within specific contextual settings. This study highlights the fundamental role of social context, particularly the fostering of school belonging, in the multifaceted process of identity construction. The findings identify the importance of integrating multiple identities and experiences to develop a comprehensive and resilient sense of personal cohesion and selfhood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

A Qualitative Study of Adolescents from Refugee Backgrounds Living in Australia: Identity and Resettlement

Khawaja,

Schweitzer

2024

IJERPH

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“…Recent work on collective memory has provided us with four essential notions for characterizing our subject and constructing our research problem: (1) collective memory refers to the memories of individuals as members of a group or community or as participants in an interaction ( Roediger, 2021 ; Wertsch and Jäggi, 2022 ); (2) collective memories are formed through processes of identity construction ( Booth, 2008 ; Bachleitner, 2022 ; Fischer and O'Mara, 2022 ); (3) in terms of selecting what to remember and what to forget, the essential function of collective memory is to forget ( Vinitzky-Seroussi and Teeger, 2010 ; Kevers et al, 2016 ; Hirst and Coman, 2018 ); and (4) unlike history, which separates the past from the present and the future, collective memory connects all these strands ( Crane, 1997 ; Assmann, 2008 ), in that it operates in the present as a continuous rewriting of the past for future use ( Schwartz, 1997 ; Adams and Edy, 2021 ; Peschanski, 2021 ; Bachleitner, 2022 ). While memory studies since Halbwachs have made it possible to identify and study multiple social frameworks of memory, such as schemas, scripts, and symbols, the issue of social roles is curiously absent from work on collective memory ( Orianne, 2023 ; Orianne and Eustache, 2023 ).…”

Section: The Concept Of Collective Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective memories and social roles: the case of the Paris terrorist attacks of 13 November 2015

Orianne,

Heiden,

Klein-Peschanski

et al. 2024

Front. Sociol.

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The present study was based on empirical data collected during the first phase (2016) of Study 1000, part of the 13-November Program: a corpus of 934 individual interviews conducted 6-11 months after the events. To process this empirical material, the authors used integrated TXM software, which provides several classic textometry tools. They mainly used the lexical specificity analysis tool, which statistically measures the irregularity of the word distribution according to the parts of the corpus. They also analyzed the concordances of certain very specific lexical forms. Analysis revealed the important influence of social roles on the construction of memories and narratives of this event. Application of textometry tools highlighted lexical fields specific to the different social roles played by the interviewees in this social drama, and showed that it was through these specific vocabularies that they remembered and recounted this extraordinary story. Social roles therefore influence the formation of memories both individual and collective, by modulating the way in which individuals select what to remember and what to forget. The article opens up several interesting avenues for future analyses, mainly a longitudinal perspective (including phases 2 and 3 of Study 1000) for the study of flashbulb memories and the gender issue to fine-tune the analysis of social roles.

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“…Schemas are the instruments of forgetting (and learning): they are not images, but rules for performing (or repeating) operations (not the image of the circle, as Kant made clear, but the rules for drawing it), and can refer to either things or people. Decades after Bartlett (1932)'s pioneering work, they have become a prime focus of research in memory studies (Beim, 2007;Tse et al, 2007;Van Swol, 2008;Wertsch, 2008a,b;Wertsch and Jäggi, 2022). As Abelson (1981) notes, scripts are special cases of schemas with stereotyped temporal successions (e.g., buying a ticket before entering a movie theater).…”

Section: Collective Memory and Social Memory: Two Structural Coupling...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective memory: between individual systems of consciousness and social systems

Orianne,

Eustache

2023

Front. Psychol.

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Following a long period of neglect, research on different facets of collective memory is now developing apace in the human and social sciences, as well as at their interface with psychology and neuroscience. This resolutely multidisciplinary renewal of interest in memory sciences has given rise to a plethora of concepts with diverse meanings (e.g., social frameworks of memory, collective, shared, collaborative, social memory). The purpose of the present study was to provide a conceptual overview from a historical perspective, and above all to clarify concepts that are often used interchangeably, even though they refer to very different realities. Based on recent research in psychology and neuroscience, we use the concept of collective memory to refer to the operations of individual systems of consciousness. Collective memory is not the memory of a collective, but that of its individual members, either as members of social groups (shared memory) or as participants in social interactions (collaborative memory). Drawing on the contributions of contemporary sociology, we show that social memory is not collective memory, as it refers not to individual systems of consciousness, but to social systems. More specifically, it is the outcome of communication operations which, through redundancy and repetition, perform a continuous and selective re-imprinting of meaning that can be used for communication. Writing, printing and the new communication technologies constitute the three historical stages in the formation and development of an autonomous social memory, independent of living memories and social interactions. In the modern era, mass media fulfill an essential function of social memory, by sorting between forgetting and remembering on a planetary scale. When thinking about the articulation between collective memory and social memory, the concept of structural coupling allows us to identify two mechanisms by which individual systems of consciousness and social systems can interact and be mutually sensitized: schemas and scripts, and social roles. Transdisciplinary approach spearheads major methodological and conceptual advances and is particularly promising for clinical practice, as it should result in a better understanding of memory pathologies, including PTSD, but also cognitive disorders in cancer (chemobrain) or in neurodegenerative diseases.

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Habits of collective memory

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

A Qualitative Study of Adolescents from Refugee Backgrounds Living in Australia: Identity and Resettlement

A Qualitative Study of Adolescents from Refugee Backgrounds Living in Australia: Identity and Resettlement

Collective memories and social roles: the case of the Paris terrorist attacks of 13 November 2015

Collective memory: between individual systems of consciousness and social systems

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