Habitual dietary fat intake and risk of muscle weakness and lower-extremity functional impairment in older adults: A prospective cohort study

Arias‐Fernández, Lucía; Struijk, Ellen A; Rodríguez‐Artalejo, Fernando; López-Garcı́a, Esther; Lana, Alberto

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.018

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…A major finding was that the replacement of SFAs with PUFAs, but not MUFAs, was related to a significant reduction in sarcopenia risk, which supports that the type of fat, as well as the relative distribution, should be emphasized in dietary strategies against sarcopenia progression. In accordance with our findings, previous studies investigating the influence of fat subtypes on single components of sarcopenia risk (e.g., muscle mass and function) showed that SFA intake is linked to a higher risk of functional impairment [ 30 ] and lower physical function [ 31 ]. Furthermore, positive associations of higher intakes of PUFA-rich food and muscle mass and function have been shown in a population of ≥60-year-old men and women [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

et al. 2020

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Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65–79 years, completed a 7-day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS), including skeletal muscle mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and handgrip strength, was derived. The impact of the isocaloric replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by either mono- (MUFAs) or poly-unsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids on SRS was determined using regression analysis based on the whole sample and stratified by adherence to a recommended protein intake (1.1 g/BW). Isocaloric reduction of SFAs for the benefit of PUFAs was associated with a lower SRS in the whole population, and in those with a protein intake below 1.1 g/BW, after accounting for age, smoking habits, metabolic disturbances, and adherence to PA guidelines. The present study highlighted the potential of promoting healthy diets with optimised fat subtype distribution in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…To date, the effects of MUFAs on muscle mass and function are inconclusive. For instance, positive, negative, and no relationships were reported between intakes of MUFAs and indices of muscle health [ 6 , 30 , 39 ]. In light of our results and previous literature, further investigations including experimental designs are warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

et al. 2020

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“…There is compelling evidence that different types of dietary fats have opposed effects on cardiovascular disease by modifying serum lipid profiles, endothelial function, chronic inflammation, and blood clotting, and that the type of fat is more important than the total amount ingested [ 20 ]. Similarly, different associations have been found between distinct types of dietary fats and risk of frailty [ 21 ] or physical function impairment [ 22 ]. Understanding the effect of habitual intake of specific fatty acids on hearing function could help to develop dietary recommendations for healthy aging, including optimal hearing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat intake and risk of disabling hearing impairment: a prospective population-based cohort study

et al. 2021

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Purpose To examine the associations of specific dietary fats with the risk of disabling hearing impairment in the UK Biobank study. Methods This cohort study investigated 105,592 participants (47,308 men and 58,284 women) aged ≥ 40 years. Participants completed a minimum of one valid 24-h recall (Oxford Web-Q). Dietary intake of total fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA), and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was assessed at baseline. Functional auditory capacity was measured with a digit triplet test (DTT), and disabling hearing impairment was defined as a speech reception threshold in noise > − 3.5 dB in any physical exam performed during the follow-up. Results Over a median follow-up of 3.2 (SD: 2.1) years, 832 men and 872 women developed disabling hearing impairment. After adjustment for potential confounders, including lifestyles, exposure to high-intensity sounds, ototoxic medication and comorbidity, the hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence interval (CI) of disabling hearing function, comparing extreme quintiles of intakes were 0.91 (0.71–1.17) for total fat, 1.09 (0.83–1.44) for PUFA, 0.85 (0.64–1.13) for SFA and 1.01 (0.74–1.36) for MUFA among men. Among women, HRs comparing extreme intakes were 0.98 (0.78–1.24) for total fat, 0.69 (0.53–0.91) for PUFA, 1.26 (0.96–1.65) for SFA, and 0.91 (0.68–1.23) for MUFA. Replacing 5% of energy intake from SFA with an equivalent energy from PUFA was associated with 25% risk reduction (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.74–0.77) among women. Conclusions PUFA intake was associated with decreased risk of disabling hearing function in women, but not in men.

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“…Regarding the prospective relationship found between ceramides C14:0, C16:0, and C16:1 (n-7), and incident ILEF, the results are going in the same direction that findings related to other age-related conditions. A previous study showed that the intake of saturated fatty acids is related to higher risk of ILEF in older adults (32). Saturated fatty acids can lead to accumulation of ceramides, which could result in insulin resistance, a major metabolic defect in a health condition as type 2 diabetes (33,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Ceramides and Risk of Impaired Lower-Extremity Function in Older Adults: A Nested Case–Control Study

Caballero

Struijk

Buño³

et al. 2020

The Journals of Gerontology: Series A

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Background Higher levels of ceramides have been linked to several chronic diseases; also there is emerging cross-sectional evidence that ceramides are associated with lower physical functioning. This research assessed for the first time the prospective relationship between ceramide species and impaired lower-extremity function (ILEF) in older adults. Methods Case-control study with 43 cases of ILEF and 86 age- and sex- matched controls, which was nested in the Seniors-ENRICA cohort of community-dwelling older adults. Incident ILEF from 2015 to 2017 was ascertained with the Short Physical Performance Battery. In 2015, 27 ceramide species were measured in plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess the longitudinal relationship between ceramides concentration and incidence of ILEF. Results After adjusting for education level, body mass index, alcohol and total energy intake, physical activity, and presence of chronic conditions, some ceramide species were related to two-year incidence of ILEF. Specifically, the odds ratios of ILEF per 1-SD increase in ceramide concentration were: 1.66 [95% CI = (1.03, 2.68)] for ceramide C14:0, 1.61 (1.00, 2.59) for ceramide C16:0, and 1.64 (1.03, 2.60) for ceramide C16:1 (n-7). In the case of ceramides C16:0 and C16:1 (n-7), a stronger relationship was found in those with a higher body mass index; systolic blood pressure could also mediate the relationship between ceramide C16:1 (n-7) and ILEF (p for interaction = 0.03). Conclusions Higher plasma levels of ceramides C14:0, C16:0 and C16:1 (n-7) are associated with higher risk of ILEF, and might serve as risk markers for functional decline in older adults.

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Habitual dietary fat intake and risk of muscle weakness and lower-extremity functional impairment in older adults: A prospective cohort study

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

Dietary fat intake and risk of disabling hearing impairment: a prospective population-based cohort study

Plasma Ceramides and Risk of Impaired Lower-Extremity Function in Older Adults: A Nested Case–Control Study

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