Habituation of the nociceptive flexion reflex is dependent on inter-stimulus interval and stimulus intensity

Dincklage, Falk von; Olbrich, Heike; Baars, Jan H.; Rehberg, Benno

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2012.07.013

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This elicits a withdrawal of the biceps femoris muscle that is quantified using EMG . The flexion reflex threshold can be modulated by emotionally stimulating pictures or smell , habituation stimulation , analgesic medications , sex , ethnicity , obesity , sedentary lifestyle , chronic pain , cardiac cycle , sleep , site of stimulation and circadian rhythm . Furthermore, no standardised scoring method currently exists .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing pain objectively: the use of physiological markers

et al. 2015

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Summary Pain diagnosis and management would benefit from the development of objective markers of nociception and pain. Current research addressing this issue has focused on five main strategies, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. These encompass: (i) monitoring changes in the autonomic nervous system; (ii) biopotentials; (iii) neuroimaging; (iv) biological (bio‐) markers; and (v) composite algorithms. Although each strategy has shown areas of promise, there are currently no validated objective markers of nociception or pain that can be recommended for clinical use. This article introduces the most important developments in the field and highlights shortcomings, with the aim of allowing the reader to make informed decisions about what trends to watch in the future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing pain objectively: the use of physiological markers

et al. 2015

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“…The mechanisms underlying habituation in humans remain unclear; however, psychological adaptation of subjects, and also the effects of sensory saturation, could be taken into account (see Dincklage et al . ). The experiments performed in this study lasted up to 70 min and the same electrical stimuli were repeated at 0.33 Hz throughout.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in spinal inhibitory networks induced by furosemide in humans

Klomjai

Lackmy-Vallée

Katz

et al. 2014

The Journal of Physiology

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Key pointsr It has been demonstrated in humans that furosemide crosses the blood-brain barrier and blocks activity in the epileptic brain.r In this study, we demonstrated using non-invasive electrophysiological techniques in healthy human subjects that furosemide, a cation-chloride co-transporter blocker, orally administered at doses commonly used in the clinic (40 mg), reduces the efficacy of pre-and postsynaptic inhibition of soleus motoneurons in the spinal cord.r Furosemide can be a useful tool to detect the intrinsic functioning of inhibitory synapses and to explore if the reduced inhibitory interneuronal activity that probably contributes to spasticity also exists in humans with spinal cord injury.Abstract During neural development in animals, GABAergic and glycinergic neurons are first excitatory, and then become inhibitory in the mature state. This developmental shift is due mainly to strong expression of the cation-chloride K-Cl cotransporter 2 (KCC2) and down-regulation of Na-K-Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) during maturation. The down-regulation of co-transporter KCC2 after spinal cord transection in animals leads to the depolarising (excitatory) action of GABA and glycine and thus results in a reduction of inhibitory synaptic efficiency. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, has been shown to selectively and reversibly block inhibitory postsynaptic potentials without affecting excitatory postsynaptic potentials in animal spinal neurons. Moreover, this diuretic has been also demonstrated to block the cation-chloride co-transporters. Here, we used furosemide to demonstrate changes in spinal inhibitory networks in healthy human subjects. Non-invasive electrophysiological techniques were used to assess presynaptic inhibition, postsynaptic inhibition and the efficacy of synaptic transmission between muscle afferent terminals and soleus motoneurons in the spinal cord. Orally administered furosemide, at doses commonly used in the clinic (40 mg), significantly reduced spinal inhibitory interneuronal activity for at least 70 min from intake compared to control experiments in the same subjects while no changes were observed in the efficacy of synaptic transmission between muscle afferent terminals and soleus motoneurons. The reduction of inhibition was dose-dependent. Our results provide indirect evidence that reversible changes in the cation-chloride transport system induce modulations of inhibitory neuronal activity at spinal cord level in humans.

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“…On one hand, the non-stationary was not reported on individual level quantitatively. On the other hand, experimental properties like inter-stimuli intervals and intensities could play roles on presence of non-stationarity like habituation in a detection task (von Dincklage et al, 2013). A next step to explore neuronal or psychological mechanisms for possible non-stationarity in nociceptive processing could be to extend the hazard model with time-varying physiological parameters in peripheral and central subsystems, i.e., α 1 and α L , respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and Identifiability of Model Parameters in Human Nociceptive Processing Using Yes-No Detection Responses to Electrocutaneous Stimulation

et al. 2016

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Healthy or pathological states of nociceptive subsystems determine different stimulus-response relations measured from quantitative sensory testing. In turn, stimulus-response measurements may be used to assess these states. In a recently developed computational model, six model parameters characterize activation of nerve endings and spinal neurons. However, both model nonlinearity and limited information in yes-no detection responses to electrocutaneous stimuli challenge to estimate model parameters. Here, we address the question whether and how one can overcome these difficulties for reliable parameter estimation. First, we fit the computational model to experimental stimulus-response pairs by maximizing the likelihood. To evaluate the balance between model fit and complexity, i.e., the number of model parameters, we evaluate the Bayesian Information Criterion. We find that the computational model is better than a conventional logistic model regarding the balance. Second, our theoretical analysis suggests to vary the pulse width among applied stimuli as a necessary condition to prevent structural non-identifiability. In addition, the numerically implemented profile likelihood approach reveals structural and practical non-identifiability. Our model-based approach with integration of psychophysical measurements can be useful for a reliable assessment of states of the nociceptive system.

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Habituation of the nociceptive flexion reflex is dependent on inter-stimulus interval and stimulus intensity

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Assessing pain objectively: the use of physiological markers

Assessing pain objectively: the use of physiological markers

Changes in spinal inhibitory networks induced by furosemide in humans

Estimation and Identifiability of Model Parameters in Human Nociceptive Processing Using Yes-No Detection Responses to Electrocutaneous Stimulation

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