Hadal fauna of the South Sandwich Trench, Southern Ocean: Baited camera survey from the Five Deeps Expedition.

Jamieson, Alan J.; Stewart, Heather A.; Weston, Johanna N. J.; Bongiovanni, Cassandra

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2021.104987

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For example, ∼70% of hadal amphipods, 65% of hadal isopods, and nearly all hadal snailfishes are known to single hadal feature (Belyaev, 1989;Elsner et al, 2015;Jamieson, 2015;Jamieson et al, 2021a). A similar cosmopolitan hadal amphipod is Bathycallisoma schellenbergi (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1958) present at 10 hadal features across the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Southern oceans (Kilgallen and Lowry, 2015;Jamieson et al, 2021b;Weston et al, 2021b). Their wide distributions lead to questions about the degree of connectivity and population isolation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historical records for H. dubia are compiled in Supplementary Material 1 (Dahl, 1959;Jamieson et al, 2011Jamieson et al, , 2021bRitchie et al, 2015;Lacey et al, 2016;Leduc and Wilson, 2016;Wilson et al, 2018;Bribiesca-Contreras et al, 2021). Absence records were inferred, with an absence defined as an instance when a published species list for a hadal feature included Lysianassoidea species but not H. dubia (Dahl, 1959;Hessler et al, 1978;Belyaev, 1989;France, 1993;Jamieson, 2015;Lacey et al, 2016;Jażdżewska and Mamos, 2019;Weston et al, 2021b).…”

Section: Amphipod Recovery and Morphological Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The New Hebrides and Mariana trench observations are anecdotal, as errors in specimen curation could not be unequivocally ruled out. Outside the Pacific Ocean, H. dubia inhabits between 6,640 and 8,265 m in the South Sandwich Trench, which spans between the Southern and South Atlantic oceans (Jamieson et al, 2021b). Yet, this identification was based solely on morphology and deemed sensu lato.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multi-Ocean Distribution of the Hadal Amphipod, Hirondellea dubiaDahl, 1959 (Crustacea, Amphipoda)

Weston

Jamieson

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The hadal zone (depths > 6,000 m) comprises isolated features that host high degrees of endemism, with species inhabiting only a single feature or a group of adjacent features. The amphipod, Hirondellea dubia is an abundant scavenger at the hadal depths of the Kermadec, Tonga, and New Hebrides trenches in the Southwest Pacific Ocean, particularly at depths > 9,500 m. However, several records have hinted that H. dubia may not be restricted to the Southwest Pacific nor be exclusively hadal. Here, we present new records of H. dubia recovered by baited landers deployed to five hadal trenches during three expeditions and assess the geographic and vertical distribution of this species. To rule out the possibility of cryptic diversity, morphological taxonomy was paired with two mitochondrial markers (16S and COI) to test for species boundaries among the new and published molecular data using four delineation approaches (ABGD, CD-HIT, GMYC, and bPTP). We found H. dubia to be a single species and not restricted to the Southwest Pacific or hadal depths. This species’ geographic range extends from the Southwest Pacific to the Mariana Trench (Northwest Pacific), the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (Central Pacific), the South Sandwich Trench (Southern), and the Puerto Rico Trench (North Atlantic). This amphipod’s vertical range spans over half of the ocean’s total depth, between 4,700 and 10,817 m. This study presents an extraordinary geographic range extension to a species long considered endemic to a cluster of three Southwest Pacific trenches and shows a pan-oceanic distribution across extremely isolated hadal features.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amphipod Recovery and Morphological Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Multi-Ocean Distribution of the Hadal Amphipod, Hirondellea dubiaDahl, 1959 (Crustacea, Amphipoda)

Weston

Jamieson

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…The environmental conditions of both trenches are distinct. The Atacama Trench is situated below eutrophic surface waters, and the bottom water O 2 concentrations are 25% lower than other trenches with data ( 57 ), and the South Sandwich Trench has subzero temperatures and receives large krill-based nutrient pulses ( 44 ). Coupled with genetic drift, these environmental conditions may act as selective pressures promoting adaptions to the Atacama Trench and South Sandwich Trench and as driving speciation, which has led to other endemic species such as E. atacamensis in the Atacama Trench ( 16 ) and several previously unidentified snailfishes in both trenches ( 12 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although, it remains unconfirmed whether this is a true absence from the abyssal plains or is reflective of a sampling bias or limited sampling. Second, records of most hadal species, including the cusk eel, holothurian, and sea star, are based either on video images that lack the resolution for species-level identification or on morphological assessments of limited and often highly damaged material from the RV Vityaz and Galathea expeditions (3,4,44). These identifications have not been scrutinized with molecular approaches to rule out cryptic diversity.…”

Section: Cosmopolitan Distribution But Evidence Of Cryptic Diversity ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to gene flow in the deepest ocean ecosystems: Evidence from global population genomics of a cosmopolitan amphipod

et al. 2022

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The deepest marine ecosystem, the hadal zone, hosts endemic biodiversity resulting from geographic isolation and environmental selection pressures. However, the pan-ocean distribution of some fauna challenges the concept that the hadal zone is a series of isolated island-like habitats. Whether this remains true at the population genomic level is untested. We investigated phylogeographic patterns of the amphipod, Bathycallisoma schellenbergi , from 12 hadal features across the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Southern oceans and analyzed genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism markers and two mitochondrial regions. Despite a cosmopolitan distribution, populations were highly restricted to individual features with only limited gene flow between topographically connected features. This lack of connectivity suggests that populations are on separate evolutionary trajectories, with evidence of potential cryptic speciation at the Atacama Trench. Together, this global study demonstrates that the shallower ocean floor separating hadal features poses strong barriers to dispersal, driving genetic isolation and creating pockets of diversity to conserve.

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Hadal zones of the Southwest Pacific and east Indian oceans

Jamieson,

Giles,

Stewart

2024

Mar Geophys Res

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The hadal zone (water depths > 6000 m) are unlike the overlying shallower marine regions (bathyal and abyssal) as it does not follow a continuum from the continental shelves to abyssal plains, but rather exhibits a globally disjunct series of discrete deep-sea habitats confined within geomorphological features. From an ecological perspective, hadal communities are often endemic to individual or adjacent features and are partitioned and isolated by geomorphological structures. To examine the size, shape, depth and degree of isolation of features where hadal fauna inhabit, this study explores the broad seafloor geomorphology, and distinctly partitioned hadal areas, across the Southwest Pacific and East Indian oceans using global bathymetric datasets. This research revealed the area occupied by hadal depths to be 716,915 km2 of which 58% are accounted for by trenches, 37% in basins and troughs, and 5% fracture zones. The largest feature in terms of area > 6000 m depth is the Wharton Basin with 218,030 km2 spanning 376 discrete areas. The largest continuous hadal habitats were the Kermadec and Tonga trenches at 145,103 and 111,951 km2 respectively, whereas features such as the Java Trench comprise two hadal components partitioned by a bathymetric high. Conversely, no physical barrier exists between the New Britain and Bougainville trenches thus any literature pertaining to hadal species or habitats from these trenches can be merged. This study highlights that the hadal zone mainly comprises two main geomorphological features (trenches and basins) that differ in size, depth and complexity. Hadal basins cover vast, generally shallower areas, comparable to abyssal plains, whereas trenches, despite a lesser footprint, represent greater depth ranges and complexity. As such, sampling designs and interpretation of ecological data must differ and hadal basins likely play an increasingly important role in understanding ecological shifts from abyssal to hadal ecosystems.

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Hadal fauna of the South Sandwich Trench, Southern Ocean: Baited camera survey from the Five Deeps Expedition.

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

The Multi-Ocean Distribution of the Hadal Amphipod, Hirondellea dubiaDahl, 1959 (Crustacea, Amphipoda)

The Multi-Ocean Distribution of the Hadal Amphipod, Hirondellea dubiaDahl, 1959 (Crustacea, Amphipoda)

Barriers to gene flow in the deepest ocean ecosystems: Evidence from global population genomics of a cosmopolitan amphipod

Hadal zones of the Southwest Pacific and east Indian oceans

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