Hadronic transitions and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">P</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow /><mml:mprescripts /><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow /></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>states of heavy quarkonia

Kuang, Yu-Ping; Tuan, S. F.; Yan, Tung-Mow

doi:10.1103/physrevd.37.1210

Cited by 110 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Now the most promising collider for this kind of experiment is Beijing ElectronPositron Collider (BEPC). Theoretically, a simple single-channel calculation of the transition rate (1) based on the QCD multipole expansion [6,7] using the Cornell potential model [8] was given in our previous paper [9]. The obtained results are…”

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confidence: 76%

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S−Dmixing and searching for theψ(11P1
Kuang
¹

2002
Phys. Rev. D
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The ψ(1 1 P1) state can be produced at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC) in the process ψ ′ → ψ(1 1 P1) + π 0 . We calculate the rate of this process taking account of the S − D mixing effect in ψ ′ . It is shown that the rate is about a factor of 3 smaller than the simple result without considering the S − D mixing effect. Possible detecting channels are suggested and it is shown that ψ(1 1 P1) is able to be found with the accumulation of 3 × 10 7 events of ψ ′ at BEPC.PACS number(s): 13.20. Gd, 13.30.Eg, 14.40.CsSearching for the 1 P 1 states of heavy quarkonia is of interest since the difference between the 1 P 1 mass M1 P1 and the center-of-gravity (c.o.g) of thegives useful information about the spin-dependent interactions between the heavy quark and antiquark. Theoretical investigations of the general structure of the spin-dependent interactions and the formula for the spin-dependent potential up to O(1/m 2 ) in the 1/m expansion have been carried out in various approaches [1,2]. Experimentally, neither the ψ(1 1 P 1 ) state nor the Υ(1 1 P 1 ) state has been found yet 1 . The best way of searching for the ψ(1 1 P 1 ) state is to look for the processat an e + e − collider in the τ -charm energy range. Many years ago, the Crystal Ball Group searched for this process with a negative result, and the obtained upper limit for the branching ratio is [5]for M ψ(1 1 P1) = 3520 MeV. Now the most promising collider for this kind of experiment is Beijing ElectronPositron Collider (BEPC). Theoretically, a simple single-channel calculation of the transition rate (1) based on the QCD multipole expansion [6,7] using the Cornell potential model [8] was given in our previous paper [9]. The obtained results arewhere α E = g 2 E /4π and α M = g 2 M /4π are phenomenological coupling constants for color electric dipole and color magnetic dipole gluon radiations, respectively. The branching ratio here is obtained from the updated total width Γ tot (ψ ′ ) = 227 ± 31 keV [10], and it is a little different from the value in Ref. [9]. The uncertainty in the branching ratio comes from the experimental error in Γ tot (ψ ′ ). Phenomenological determination of the ratio α M /α E is not so certain [9]. From the theoretical point of view, the two coupling constants should not be so different, so we roughly take a possible range * Mailing address.1 In 1992, the E760 collaboration claimed that they saw a significant enhancement inp + p → J/ψ + π 0 at √ s = 3526.2MeV which was supposed to be a candidate of ψ(1 1 P1) [3]. However, such an enhancement has not been confirmed by the successive E835 experiment with significantly higher statistics [4].

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confidence: 76%

“…The uncertainty in the branching ratio comes from the experimental error in Γ tot (ψ ′ ). Phenomenological determination of the ratio α M /α E is not so certain [9]. From the theoretical point of view, the two coupling constants should not be so different, so we roughly take a possible range * Mailing address.…”

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confidence: 99%

S−Dmixing and searching for theψ(11P1
Kuang
¹

2002
Phys. Rev. D
Self Cite
55
12
60
0
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“…It has been shown in Refs. [2,3] that such an approach gives predictions for the transition rates quite close to those in the soft pion approach [9]. So we take this approximation and obtain the following transition rate [2] …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Now we take the two gluon approximation used in Refs. [2,3], which is shown to be reasonable so far as only the transition rates are concerned [2,3]. In this approach, we approximately express ππ|E a i B a j |0 as…”

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confidence: 99%

“…We show that this process can be studied experimentally at the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer BES III and the Cornell CLEO-c. PACS number(s): 13.20. Gd, 13.30.Eg, 14.40.Cs It has been shown that the theory of hadronic transitions based on QCD multipole expansion [1,2,3,4] can make quite successful predictions for many hadronic transition rates in the cc and bb systems [5,6]. So far, hadronic transitions of the χ cj states have not been studied yet.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hadronic transitionχc1→ηcππat the Beijing Spectrometer BES and the Cornell CLEO-c

Kuang

2007

Phys. Rev. D

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Hadronic transitions of the χcj states have not been studied yet. We calculate the rate of the hadronic transition χc1 → ηcππ in the framework of QCD multipole expansion. We show that this process can be studied experimentally at the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer BES III and the Cornell CLEO-c. PACS number(s): 13.20. Gd, 13.30.Eg, 14.40.Cs It has been shown that the theory of hadronic transitions based on QCD multipole expansion [1,2,3,4] can make quite successful predictions for many hadronic transition rates in the cc and bb systems [5,6]. So far, hadronic transitions of the χ cj states have not been studied yet. The observed χ cj decays are mainly hadronic decays (decaying into light hadrons), and the hadronic widths of the three χ cj states are rather different. From the point of view of perturbative QCD, the hadronic decay rates of χ c0 and χ c2 are proportional to α 2 s , while that of χ c1 is proportional to α 3 s [7]. Hence χ c1 has the smallest hadronic decay rate, and is thus the most interesting one among the three χ cj states for studying hadronic transitions. The main hadronic transition process of χ c1 is χ c1 → η c ππ. In the framework of QCD multipole expansion, this is dominated by the E1-M1 transition, and the rate is significantly smaller than those of E1-E1 transitions such as ψ ′ → J/ψ ππ. In addition, χ c1 cannot be directly produced in e + e − collision. It can only be produced via the radiative transition ψ ′ → γχ c1 . This is why χ c1 → η c ππ is not easy to detect at the original Beijing Spectrometer BES II. The designed luminosity of the upgraded Beijing Electron-Positron Collider BEPC II is about 1 − 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the original BEPC I, and the ability of the upgraded Beijing Spectrometer BES III will be significantly improved compared with the original BES II, especially its photon detector. So that BES III will be able to detect processes like χ c1 → η c ππ which BES II can hardly do. In this paper, we calculate the transition rate of χ c1 → η c ππ in the framework of QCD multipole expansion, and our result shows that both the upgraded BES III and the Cornell * Mailing address CLEO-c have a good chance to study χ c1 → η c ππ. and the theoretical approaches to hadronic transitions can be further tested.According to the formula for E1-M1 transitions [2], the transition amplitude for χ c1 → η c ππ iswhere E a and B a are color electric and magnetic fields; g E and g M are the corresponding coupling constants for E1 and M1 gluon emissions; x is the relative separation between c andc in the quarkonium; s c (sc) is the spin of the c (c) quark; E I is the energy of the initial state χ c1 ; E KL and |KL are the energy and eigenstate of the intermediate state with the principal quantum number K and orbital angular momentum L, respectively. As described in Ref.[2], we take the quark confining string model [8] to describe the intermediate states.The hadronization factor ππ|E a i B a j |0 is a second rank pseudo tensor at the light hadron scale. In the rest frame of...

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Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities

Brambilla¹,

Eidelman²,

Heltsley³

et al. 2011

Advances in the Physics of Particles and Nuclei

103

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A golden age for heavy quarkonium physics dawned a decade ago, initiated by the confluence of exciting advances in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and an explosion of related experimental activity. The early years of this period were chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in 2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that time and provided specific recommendations for further progress. However, the broad spectrum of subsequent breakthroughs, surprises, and continuing puzzles could only be partially anticipated. Since the release of the YR, the BESII program concluded only to give birth to BESIII; the B-factories and CLEO-c flourished; quarkonium production and polarization measurements at HERA and the Tevatron matured; and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have opened a window on the deconfinement regime. All these experiments leave legacies of quality, precision, and unsolved mysteries for quarkonium physics, and therefore beg for continuing investigations at BESIII, the LHC, RHIC, FAIR, the Super Flavor and/or Tau-Charm factories, JLab, the ILC, and beyond. The list of newly-found conventional states expanded to include hc(1P ), χc2(2P ), B + c , and η b (1S). In addition, the unexpected and still-fascinating X(3872) has been joined by * Editors † Section coordinators ‡ Corresponding author: bkh2@cornell.edu more than a dozen other charmonium-and bottomonium-like "XY Z" states that appear to lie outside the quark model. Many of these still need experimental confirmation. The plethora of new states unleashed a flood of theoretical investigations into new forms of matter such as quark-gluon hybrids, mesonic molecules, and tetraquarks. Measurements of the spectroscopy, decays, production, and in-medium behavior of cc, bb, and bc bound states have been shown to validate some theoretical approaches to QCD and highlight lack of quantitative success for others. Lattice QCD has grown from a tool with computational possibilities to an industrialstrength effort now dependent more on insight and innovation than pure computational power. New effective field theories for the description of quarkonium in different regimes have been developed and brought to a high degree of sophistication, thus enabling precise and solid theoretical predictions. Many expected decays and transitions have either been measured with precision or for the first time, but the confusing patterns of decays, both above and below open-flavor thresholds, endure and have deepened. The intriguing details of quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions that have emerged from RHIC have elevated the importance of separating hotand cold-nuclear-matter effects in quark-gluon plasma studies. This review systematically addresses all these matters and concludes by prioritizing directions for ongoing and future efforts.

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Hadronic transitions andP11states of heavy quarkonia

Cited by 110 publications

References 21 publications

S−Dmixing and searching for theψ(11P1
Kuang
¹

2002
Phys. Rev. D
Self Cite
55
12
60
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

S−Dmixing and searching for theψ(11P1
Kuang
¹

2002
Phys. Rev. D
Self Cite
55
12
60
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hadronic transitionχc1→ηcππat the Beijing Spectrometer BES and the Cornell CLEO-c

Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities

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Hadronic transitions andP11states of heavy quarkonia

Cited by 110 publications

References 21 publications

S−Dmixing and searching for theψ(11P1Kuang1 2002Phys. Rev. DSelf Cite5512600View full textAdd to dashboardCite

S−Dmixing and searching for theψ(11P1Kuang1 2002Phys. Rev. DSelf Cite5512600View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Hadronic transitionχc1→ηcππat the Beijing Spectrometer BES and the Cornell CLEO-c

Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities

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S−Dmixing and searching for theψ(11P1
Kuang
¹

2002
Phys. Rev. D
Self Cite
55
12
60
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

S−Dmixing and searching for theψ(11P1
Kuang
¹

2002
Phys. Rev. D
Self Cite
55
12
60
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite