Haemato-Biochemical Alterations as Biomarkers of Lead Induced Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats

Okediran, B. S.; Kasali, O.B.; Omotainse, Samuel Olatunbosun; Akinloye, Q. A.

doi:10.3329/bjvm.v14i2.31401

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The result of this study shows accumulation of lead in the blood upon absorption, this is due to affinity of lead for red blood cells which transport them to various parts of the body and soft tissues where they are stored and results in perturbation of metabolic processes. Our results is consistent with other workers Warren, et al [4], Murata, et al and Okediran, et al reported blood lead accumulation following oral exposure resulting in loss of weight, inhibition of haem synthesis and reduction of packed cell volume [16,17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Electrolytes Alterations in Some Organs due to Lead Exposure

Samuel¹

2016

ACT

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Background: Lead is one of the metals whose toxicological effect in humans and animals is of clinical concerned. Once it is absorbed, it is distributed via the blood to various tissues and organs where they are stored. Electrolytes played significant role in metabolic and physiological processes taken in the body. We investigated some electrolytes distribution in the blood, liver, kidney, spleen and brain of male Albino rats exposed to different concentrations of lead as lead acetate. Methods: A total of sixteen male Wistar rats were used for the experiment. They were randomly divided into four groups (A-D) of four animals per group and were treated with lead acetate orally as the source of lead exposure for a period of four, eight and twelve weeks. Results: The results showed a significant increase in blood lead concentration and decrease in plasma sodium, potassium, and calcium and magnesium concentrations. The electrolytes concentrations in various organs studied showed different patterns of variations which were dose and time dependent. Conclusions: It can be concluded that exposure to lead could result in perturbation of electrolytes in blood and different organs thus interfering with electrolytes metabolism resulting in deterioration of cellular functions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Electrolytes Alterations in Some Organs due to Lead Exposure

Samuel¹

2016

ACT

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“…Most increases BUN and creatinine levels are caused by kidney damage. [9] The current work showed an increase in the levels of a BUN and creatinine in lead acetate-treated rat in comparison to the control and this may be due to the degeneration of renal cell by necrosis which causes leakage of these BUN and creatinine into blood circulation. The similar observation has reported that lead acetate treatment induced significant elevation of serum BUN and creatinine activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…It has been reported that the lead toxicity condition can cause excessive production of ROS, there is an imbalance between the production of oxidants and the defense systems of antioxidant which may promote the induction of lipid peroxidation, proteins and DNA damage, leading to renal cell death via apoptosis or necrosis. [789] Expression of the caspase-3 is a hallmark of apoptosis and can be used in cellular assays to quantify activators and inhibitors of the “death cascade.”[8] The results of this study showed that the expression of caspase 3 of kidney tissue was significantly increased on the lead acetate group. Dose-dependent manner of chitosan- P. merkusii extract nanoparticle decreased kidney tissue caspase 3 expression in lead acetate treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of lead acetate in biochemical changes in blood such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine has been found to be of great value in experimental kidney damage. [9] Various molecular, cellular, and intracellular mechanisms of lead nephrotoxicity to explain the toxicological profile of lead that includes generation of oxidative stress, necrosis, and apoptosis. [378]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potency of chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle as the antioxidant and anti-caspase 3 on lead acetate-induced nephrotoxicity in rat

Sudjarwo

Eraiko

Sudjarwo

et al. 2019

J Adv Pharm Technol Res

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The current study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-caspase 3 activity of chitosan- Pinus merkusii nanoparticle in against lead acetate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. chitosan- P. merkusii nanoparticle was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The male rats were divided into control group (rats were given with distilled water), lead acetate group (rats were injected with lead acetate 15 mg/kg BW i. p), and the treatment group (rats were given the chitosan- P. merkusii nanoparticle 150 mg, 300 mg, 600 mg/kg BW orally and were injected with lead acetate 15 mg/kg BW). The rats blood samples were measured levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. The kidney tissues were collected to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Histological to evaluate renal damage, and immunohistochemical to analyze the expression of caspase 3. The results showed that DLS showed the size of chitosan- P. merkusii nanoparticle was 165.9 ± 24.18 nm. SEM images of the chitosan- P. merkusii nanoparticles showed an irregular shape and its the rough surface. Administration of lead acetate resulted in a significant increase in levels of the BUN, creatinine, MDA level, caspase 3 expression, and a decrease in SOD and GPx were compared with the control group. Treatment with the chitosan- P. merkusii nanoparticle 600 mg/kg BW significantly decreased the elevated BUN, creatinine, MDA levels, caspase 3 expression and also increase in SOD and GPx as compared to lead acetate group. The lead acetate induced loss of the normal structure of renal cells and necrosis, whereas treated with chitosan- P. merkusii nanoparticle improved renal cell necrosis. This study indicates that chitosan- P. merkusii nanoparticles appeared to be a promising agent for protection against lead-induced nephrotoxicity through increasing antioxidant and inhibiting caspase 3 expression.

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“…Animal models with acute and chronic Pb exposure have shown decreased total and protein-bound sulfhydryl (SH) groups in homogenates and synaptosomes of the brain [8]. Pb intoxication in animals has revealed a significant decrease in serum total protein, albumin, and the A/G ratio [9,10]. The reduction of proteins was due to precipitation of soluble proteins, inhibition of protein biosynthesis through the specific enzymes in cell processes, and a decrease in free amino acid utilization for protein synthesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of diagnostic accuracy and optimal cut point of blood lead levels on serum proteins among Pb-exposed workers from Pb-battery plant.

Kalahasthi¹

2019

Int J Med Biochem

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Assessment of diagnostic accuracy and optimal cut points of blood lead levels on serum proteins among workers exposed to Pb at a lead battery plant L ead (Pb)-binding proteins originate in the kidney, brain, erythrocytes, liver, and lung [1]. Proteins related to heme synthesis, calcium metabolism, and neurotransmission are associated with Pb poisoning [2]. Systemic effects of hypertension, frank anemia, cognitive deficits, infertility, immune imbalances, delayed skeletal and deciduous dental develop-Objectives: This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy and the optimal cut point of blood lead (Pb) level (BLL) in serum proteins (total protein, albumin, globulin, and albumin/globulin ratio) among workers with exposure to Pb at a Pb battery plant. Methods: An examination of the diagnostic accuracy and optimal cut point value of BLL in serum proteins among workers exposed to Pb was performed using analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) and coordinates of receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The study group consisted of 176 males who worked in a Pb battery plant. A control group consisted of 80 male office workers with no unusual occupational Pb exposure. The BLL of the patients was assessed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The serum protein levels (total protein and albumin) were determined using diagnostic kits. The serum globulin was calculated from the total protein and albumin measures. The albumin:globulin ratio (A/G ratio) was calculated from the albumin and globulin levels. Results: The serum total protein and globulin concentration values were lower and the A/G ratio was significantly higher in the study group compared with the control group. A negative and significant association was found between the BLL and serum total protein and serum globulin values. A positive and significant association was found between the BLL and the serum albumin level and the A/G ratio. The AUC value was 0.626 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.540-0.712; p=0.005) for serum total protein with a cutoff value of ≤6.9 g/dL. For serum albumin, the AUC value was 0.466 (95% CI: 0.344-0.587; p=0.574) with a cutoff value of ≤4.0 g/dL. The AUC value of serum globulin was 0.625 (95% CI: a0.541-0.708, p=0.005) with a cutoff value of ≤2.4g/dL. The A/G ratio had an AUC value of 0.606 (95% CI: 0.521-0.692; p=0.012) with a cutoff value >1.5g/dL. An optimal BLL cut point value of 25.5µg/dL was noted for serum total protein, with 56% sensitivity and 51% specificity. The BLL value of 24.5 µg/dL was determined to be the optimal cut point for serum albumin, with 44% sensitivity and 44% specificity. The use of 27.5 µg/dL as an optimal BLL cut point value for serum globulin and the A/G ratio demonstrated 55% sensitivity and 55% specificity. Conclusion: The AUC values of serum total protein, globulin, and the A/G ratio were found to be significant when compared with the serum albumin. BLL optimal cut point values for serum proteins in Pb exposure ranged from 24.5 µg/dL to 27.5 µg/dL. The change in serum total protein, globuli...

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Haemato-Biochemical Alterations as Biomarkers of Lead Induced Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Electrolytes Alterations in Some Organs due to Lead Exposure

Electrolytes Alterations in Some Organs due to Lead Exposure

The potency of chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle as the antioxidant and anti-caspase 3 on lead acetate-induced nephrotoxicity in rat

Assessment of diagnostic accuracy and optimal cut point of blood lead levels on serum proteins among Pb-exposed workers from Pb-battery plant.

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