Haematology and Biochemical Responses in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to sub-acute Doses of Aronil (Propanil) in a Flow through Bioassay

Abstract

Effects of sub-acute exposure of pesticide aronil (propanil) on haematology and serum biochemistry of Oreochromis niloticus juvenile was investigated in the present study. Sub-acute doses (0.21 mg/l, 0.43 mg/l and 0.83 mg/l) were derived from 1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 of the 96h LC 50 (4.17 mg/l) of aronil, in which fish specimens were exposed for eight weeks. Control group was exposed to dechlorinated tap water. Haematology and serum biochemistry of fish were examined at week 2, 6 and 8 of aronil exposure. Significant and dose dependent decreases in red blood cell, haemoglobin and haematocrit were observed in aronil exposed fish compared to the control. White blood cell, mean cell haemoglobin and mean cell haemoglobin concentration of the control were significantly lower compared to the exposed fish groups. Neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages were elevated significantly in 0.83 mg/l exposed fish when compared to other exposed fish and the control at the eight week. Basophils, eosinophils and monocytes were not observed in aronil exposed fish. Significant and dose dependent increases in glucose, protein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and triglyceride were observed in aronil treated fish with reference to the control while insignificant changes in cholesterol level was observed in the exposed fish compared to the control. Aronil pesticide induced stress and had toxic effect on O. niloticus. Use of pesticide aronil should be regulated especially in farm lands along the coast and riversides to avoid the influx of pesticides into the aquatic ecosystems.

Ecotoxicity of commonly used oilfield-based emulsifiers on Guinean Tilapia (Tilapia guineensis) using histopathology and behavioral alterations as protocol

“…The present study revealed more severe damage to the gills compared to the earlier report by Doherty et al, 52 who investigated the effects of Paraquat Dichloride on Clarias gariepinus tissues. These results are consistent with the observations made by Hassan et al 45 Similarly, Yaji et al 53 documented significant effects of Aronil on the gills of Oreochromis niloticus , such as epithelial lifting, edema, a fusion of secondary lamellae, and thickening of the primary lamellar epithelium.…”

Suitability of discarded cashewnut (Anacardium occidentale) meal as replacement of soybean meal (Glycine max) in the diet of juvenile African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

“…Haematological data of C. gariepinus fed CM based diets are presented in Table 4. Significant increase (p<0.05) in PCV, Hb, and RBC contents were observed in fish fed 50% CM when compared to 100% CM fish group and the control, thus suggests that CM based diets fed to fish did not compromise haematopoiesis, erythrocytogenesis and biosynthesis of haemoglobin molecules (Yaji et al, 2018). Insignificant changes were observed in WBC counts of fish groups fed CM based diets when compared to the control group, suggesting that CM based diets fed to fish did not elicit stress on fish.…”

“…Haematological parameters are important biomarkers for evaluating the health conditions of animals as regards to pathological situations and physiological functions (Iheanacho et al, 2018;Yaji et al, 2018). Haematological data of C. gariepinus fed CM based diets are presented in Table 4.…”

“…Biochemical parameters are important bioindicators for evaluating metabolic and physiological functions in animals (Yaji et al, 2018). Serum biochemical profile of C. gariepinus fed CM supplemented diets are presented in Fig.…”

Effects of dietary garlic (Allium sativum) oil on growth performance, haemato‐biochemical and histopathology of cypermethrin‐intoxicated Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Nevertheless, several research has postulated plausible causes. One potential mechanism involves the disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism subsequent to the increase in hepatic glucose activity or glucose synthesis (Yaji et al., 2018). Furthermore, it has been shown that the presence of a hazardous chemical may lead to the production of stress hormones such as cortisol which in turn may have a role in elevating blood glucose levels (Ezemonye & Ikpesu, 2013).…”