Haemolytic-Uraemic Syndrome Complicating Snake Bite

Thrombotic microangiopathy due to Viperidae bite: Two case reports

“…Date et al . [6] from India reported 16 cases of snake bite developing HUS and renal biopsy was available in five patients which showed fibrin thrombi in glomeruli. Casamento et al .…”

Thrombotic microangiopathy from Australian brown snake (Pseudonaja) envenoming

“…15 Thrombotic microangiopathy resulting from coagulopathic snake envenoming has been reported uncommonly in the published work relative to the frequency of coagulopathic snake envenoming. 4,[9][10][11][12]16 This may simply be that the syndrome has not been fully recognized. In Australia most of the cases have been in brown snake bites (Pseudonaja spp.)…”

“…Although there have been previous reports of this, many of these have focused on the renal failure and the pathophysiology and treatment of this syndrome remains unclear 5–9 . Similar effects have been seen with snakes in other parts of the world 10–12 . Without an understanding of the natural history and pathology of this syndrome it is difficult to provide appropriate treatment.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9] Similar effects have been seen with snakes in other parts of the world. [10][11][12] Without an understanding of the natural history and pathology of this syndrome it is difficult to provide appropriate treatment.…”

Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin as an Early Biomarker of Acute Kidney Injury in Snake Bite

“…4 The renal failure following snake bite should be considered as an example of the hemolytic uremic syndrome. 6 Viper venom contains many proteins that interact with members of the coagulation cascade and the fibrinolytic pathway. Russell's viper venom (RVV) contains a factor V activates serine proteinase, which has been separated from a factor X-activating protein, also present in this venom.…”