Haemorrhagic Complication of Mandibular Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Controlled by Endovascular Embolisation

Abstract

Mandibular metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma is rarely seen. Since the first case reported in 1957, only about 70 cases have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases presenting with acute haemorrhage episodes have been reported in the literature, despite the fact that hepatocellular carcinoma is a hypervascular tumour. Moreover, only one of the cases was managed with endovascular embolisation, which did not completely control the haemorrhage. We, hereby, present a case of a 65-year-old man with known hepatocellular carcinoma with metastasis to the mandible complicated by uncontrollable haemorrhage from the tumour, which was effectively controlled by endovascular embolisation. Angiographic anatomy and endovascular treatment of this rare site of metastasis are also illustrated.