Hair analysis for abused and therapeutic drugs

Nakahara, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(99)00059-6

Cited by 183 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…[18][19][20][21] A variety of drugs and endogenous substances have been accurately measured in hair, including: opiates, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, anabolic steroids, cocaine, nicotine and recently, cortisol and cortisone. [21][22][23][24][25] In clinical settings, hair drug levels have been used to assist in therapeutic drug monitoring. 24 A limited number of studies by the same principle authors have examined the incorporation and detection of cortisol in human hair.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between stress and hair cortisol in healthy pregnant women

Kalra

Einarson

Karaskov

et al. 2007

CIM

213

148

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Clin Invest Med 2007; 30 (2): E103-E107. AbstractPurpose: Stress has been shown to cause a large range of adverse fetal effects. This pilot study is the first attempt to examine cortisol level in the hair of pregnant women and assess its potential as a biomarker of gestational stress. Patients and Methods: Twenty-five healthy pregnant women, in whom hair cortisol levels and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were measured and correlated. Results: Maternal hair cortisol levels, ranging between 0.06 and 0.23 nmol/g of hair correlated positively and significantly with measures of perceived stress (ranging between 2-22); (Rs=0.47) (P<.05). Conclusions: Our findings corroborate recent primate studies with induced stress, and suggest that hair cortisol is a potential biomarker of chronic stress in pregnancy. This new long term biological marker may have important implications in research and clinical practice.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between stress and hair cortisol in healthy pregnant women

Kalra

Einarson

Karaskov

et al. 2007

CIM

213

148

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“…Once formed, hair is highly resistant to environmental degradation [117]. For this reason, compounds that incorporate into hair can be detected in this sample well after they would cease to be detected in tissue, plasma and urine [115,123,127,128].…”

Section: Principles Of Growth Exposure and Incorporation Into Human mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Initiated in the 1960s and 1970s to assess human exposure to heavy metals [115], the analysis of hair has since gained increasing acceptance as a viable alternative to that of blood and urine for drug testing in forensic toxicology [115][116][117]. It has also been analyzed in conjunction with pesticide intoxication cases [118,119].…”

Section: Principles Of Growth Exposure and Incorporation Into Human mentioning

confidence: 99%

Merging Wildlife and Environmental Monitoring Approaches with Forensic Principles: Application of Unconventional and Non-Invasive Sampling in Eco- Pharmacovigilance

Richards¹

2014

J Forensic Res

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Pharmaceutical residues in the environment have the potential to harm wildlife. A population's fragility or an animal's secretive nature may preclude capture and the use of invasive/destructive sampling techniques that are typically used in a risk assessment. Conventionally favoured matrices gathered opportunistically from carcasses have a finite lifespan, thereby limiting the detection window. This multidisciplinary paper aims to promote the use of non-invasive approaches and optimize use of even the most degraded carcasses. We highlight a selection of promising alternative, unconventional and underutilized sample types that could be applied in environmental monitoring efforts and wildlife forensic investigations. With a focus on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), now under increasing scrutiny in the freshwater and terrestrial environment, we first illustrate current sampling practices and gaps in knowledge by summarizing exposure of: 1) aquatic organisms to urban effluent discharged into waterways, and, 2) scavenging species to veterinary residues in livestock and other carrion. We then consider the merits and limitations of a range of alternative environmentally robust sample options that offer a broader detection interval for NSAIDs, with emphasis on hair, wool and feathers. The viability of eyes/ocular material, bone matter, fecal matter, injection sites, ingesta/pellets and scavenging/coprophagous insects are also discussed.

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“…1,2) Of the various drugs sold on the street, methamphetamine (MA) and its analogs are among the most prevalent of illicit drugs used throughout Asian and Pacific countries, including the United States. 3) To combat the use of such drugs, hair analysis, in addition to conventional urinalysis, is becoming an indispensable tool of drug enforcement procedures in Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Improvements in Forensic Hair Analysis for Illicit Drugs

Miki

Katagi

Tsuchihashi

2003

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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This review summarizes technical and administrative improvements in forensic hair analysis for methamphetamine (MA) and designer drugs, recently developed by the present authors' team. These improvements include the establishment of three types of screening methods, and a column-switching liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) method for determining such drugs and their metabolites to serve as an alternative confirmation technique. The screening methods include ion mobility spectrometry-based, enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT)-based, and immunochromatography-based methods. The column-switching LC-MS method proved to be effective in clearly determining MA and its metabolites, amphetamine and p-hydroxy-MA, which provides indisputable proof of MA intake. Quality assurance measures in forensic hair analysis, such as semiquantitative cross-checkings between the results of different analyses, are also discussed.

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Hair analysis for abused and therapeutic drugs

Cited by 183 publications

References 150 publications

The relationship between stress and hair cortisol in healthy pregnant women

The relationship between stress and hair cortisol in healthy pregnant women

Merging Wildlife and Environmental Monitoring Approaches with Forensic Principles: Application of Unconventional and Non-Invasive Sampling in Eco- Pharmacovigilance

Recent Improvements in Forensic Hair Analysis for Illicit Drugs

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