Hair Analysis for the Biomonitoring of Human Exposure to Organic Pollutants

Appenzeller, Brice

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801700-5.00007-8

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Although hair was reportedly used during the 1950s through 1970s to analyze for metals and was employed during the 1970s through the 1980s to determine drugs of abuse, using this matrix for detecting organic pollutants has been delayed by several limitations. For instance, there was a lack of sensitive analytical methods to sufficiently and properly monitor environmental exposure (Appenzeller 2015 ). This issue has, however, been resolved because considerable efforts were made during the past few years that now enable the methods to reach sensitivity levels that stand between 1000 and 10,000 times below those obtained 10 years ago (Appenzeller 2015 ; Salquebre et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, there was a lack of sensitive analytical methods to sufficiently and properly monitor environmental exposure (Appenzeller 2015 ). This issue has, however, been resolved because considerable efforts were made during the past few years that now enable the methods to reach sensitivity levels that stand between 1000 and 10,000 times below those obtained 10 years ago (Appenzeller 2015 ; Salquebre et al 2012 ). The influence of pigmentation on the incorporation of chemicals in hair has also been investigated, but a consistent conclusion has not yet been reached on this topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hair analysis for the biomonitoring of pesticide exposure: comparison with blood and urine in a rat model

et al. 2016

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Urine and plasma have been used to date for the biomonitoring of exposure to pollutants and are still the preferred fluids for this purpose; however, these fluids mainly provide information on the short term and may present a high level of variability regarding pesticide concentrations, especially for nonpersistent compounds. Hair analysis may provide information about chronic exposure that is averaged over several months; therefore, this method has been proposed as an alternative to solely relying on these fluids. Although the possibility of detecting pesticides in hair has been demonstrated over the past few years, the unknown linkage between exposure and pesticides concentration in hair has limited the recognition of this matrix as a relevant tool for assessing human exposure. Based on a rat model in which there was controlled exposure to a mixture of pesticides composed of lindane, β-hexachlorocyclohexane, β-endosulfan, p,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDE, dieldrin, pentachlorophenol, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, cyhalothrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, propiconazole, fipronil, oxadiazon, diflufenican, trifluralin, carbofuran, and propoxur, the current work demonstrates the association between exposure intensity and resulting pesticide concentration in hair. We also compared the results obtained from a hair analysis to urine and plasma collected from the same rats. Hair, blood, and urine were collected from rats submitted to 90-day exposure by gavage to the aforementioned mixture of common pesticides at different levels. We observed a linear relationship between exposure intensity and the concentration of pesticides in the rats’ hair (R Pearson 0.453–0.978, p < 0.01). A comparison with results from urine and plasma samples demonstrated the relevance of hair analysis and, for many chemicals, its superiority over using fluids for differentiating animals from different groups and for re-attributing animals to their correct groups of exposure based on pesticide concentrations in the matrix. Therefore, this study strongly supports hair analysis as a reliable tool to be used during epidemiological studies to investigate exposure-associated adverse health effects.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00204-016-1910-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hair analysis for the biomonitoring of pesticide exposure: comparison with blood and urine in a rat model

et al. 2016

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“…It would also be interesting to investigate associations between WBs and biological matrices other than urine and blood. Hair is arguably the most notable example, as it is also increasingly used in exposure assessment [ 144 ] and shares considerable similarities to WBs, such as capturing external exposure [ 145 ] and an adjustable temporal window (weeks to months) covered by a single sample [ 146 ].…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicone Wristbands in Exposure Assessment: Analytical Considerations and Comparison with Other Approaches

Wacławik

Rodzaj

Wielgomas

2022

IJERPH

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Humans are exposed to numerous potentially harmful chemicals throughout their lifetime. Although many studies have addressed this issue, the data on chronic exposure is still lacking. Hence, there is a growing interest in methods and tools allowing to longitudinally track personal exposure to multiple chemicals via different routes. Since the seminal work by O’Connell et al. (2014), silicone wristbands (WBs) have been increasingly used to facilitate human exposure assessment, as using WBs as a wearable sampler offers new insights into measuring chemical risks involved in many ambient and occupational scenarios. However, the literature lacks a detailed overview regarding methodologies being used; a comprehensive comparison with other approaches of personal exposure assessment is needed as well. Therefore, the aim of this review is fourfold. First, we summarize hitherto conducted research that employed silicone WBs as personal passive samplers. Second, all pre-analytical and analytical steps used to obtain exposure data are discussed. Third, we compare main characteristics of WBs with key features of selected matrices used in exposure assessment, namely urine, blood, hand wipes, active air sampling, and settled dust. Finally, we discuss future needs of research employing silicone WBs. Our work shows a variety of possibilities, advantages, and caveats associated with employment of silicone WBs as personal passive samplers. Although further research is necessary, silicone WBs have already been proven valuable as a tool for longitudinal assessment of personal exposure.

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“…In parallel to fluids, other matrices have gained attention for the analysis of chemical pollutants, and hair in particular appears an interesting candidate to conduct multiresidue analysis. The first studies presenting the detection of metals in hair actually date back to the 50's to 70's and have been followed by a plethora of articles confirming the relevance of metal concentration in hair as a proxy of body content in various contexts such as environmental contamination, occupational exposure, or even to assess micronutrient status (Appenzeller 2015;Li et al 2011;Protano et al 2020;Rodrigues et al 2008;Shah et al 2011). Concerning organic pollutants, although the first studies only focused on persistent chemicals such as dioxins, PCBs and organochlorine pesticides, hair analysis was further along extended to many other groups of pollutants (Appenzeller and Tsatsakis 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Assessment of Local Population Chemical Exposome by Combination of Organic Pollutant- and Metal-Multi-Residue Analysis in Hair

et al. 2021

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Awareness of the adverse effects of exposure to pollutant mixtures, possibly much more severe than individual chemicals, has drawn attention towards the necessity of using multi-residue methods to obtain the most possible comprehensive information on exposome. Among the different biological matrices used for exposure assessment, hair enables to detect the largest number of chemicals, including many classes such as persistent pollutants, hydrophilic metabolites and metals. Most biomonitoring studies are however focused on a limited number of pollutants and only give a partial information on exposure. Combining several multi-residue methods, the present study aimed at assessing the exposure of a population to an extensive variety of chemicals by hair analysis. One hair sample was collected from each participant (55 children and 134 adults). Samples were analysed with three different multi-residue methods, targeting, respectively, 152 organic pollutants (pesticides, PCBs, bisphenols, PBDEs), 62 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metabolites, nicotine and cotinine and 36 metals. From 33 to 70 organic chemicals were detected in each child’s hair sample, and from 34 up to 74 in adults. From 7 to 26 PAH were detected per child, and 7 to 21 in adults. Twenty-three to 27 metals were detected per child and 21 to 28 per adult. The highest median concentration were observed for zinc (143 μg /mg in children; 164 μg /mg in adults), bisphenol A (95.9 pg/mg in children; 64.7 pg/mg in adults) and nicotine (66.4 pg/mg in children; 51.9 pg/mg in adults). The present study provides the most comprehensive exposure assessment ever and highlights the simultaneous exposure to multiple classes of pollutants in the general population. The results support the use of multi-residue methods for future studies on exposure-associated effects, to document exposome and better consider the effect of chemical mixtures.

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Hair Analysis for the Biomonitoring of Human Exposure to Organic Pollutants

Cited by 4 publications

References 72 publications

Hair analysis for the biomonitoring of pesticide exposure: comparison with blood and urine in a rat model

Hair analysis for the biomonitoring of pesticide exposure: comparison with blood and urine in a rat model

Silicone Wristbands in Exposure Assessment: Analytical Considerations and Comparison with Other Approaches

Comprehensive Assessment of Local Population Chemical Exposome by Combination of Organic Pollutant- and Metal-Multi-Residue Analysis in Hair

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