Hair-dye allergy: a coloured case

Hink, Esther; Winter, Peter de

doi:10.1007/s00431-005-0042-7

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…There are more than 100 reports in the literature on sensitization to PPD by black henna tattoos (de Groot, 2013). Severe edematous reactions to hair coloring products leading to hospitalization of or emergency department visits by adolescents sensitized by black henna tattoos have been described (Hink and de Winter, 2006;Jasim et al, 2005;Onder, 2003;Raboobee, 2004;Shavit et al, 2008;Sosted et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Contact Allergy to p-Phenylenediamine in the European General Population

Diepgen

Naldi

Bruze

et al. 2016

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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Population-based studies on contact allergy to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) are scarce. A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the prevalence of contact allergy to PPD and its risk factors in the general population of 5 European countries. A total of 10,425 subjects were interviewed, and a random sample (n = 2,739) was patch tested to PPD. Overall, 5,286 individuals (50.9%) reported having used hair colorants at least once in their lifetime (78% female, 20% male), and 35% had used hair colorants during the last 12 months. Hair colorant avoidance because of any skin problem during the lifetime was reported by 6%. Black henna tattoos had been used by 5.5% during their lifetime. The prevalence of PPD contact allergy was 0.8% (95% confidence interval 0.6-1.0%), with no statistically significant association with gender or hair dye use. The prevalence of PPD in black henna tattoo users was 3.2% versus 0.6% in nonusers (P < 0.001). A clinically relevant positive patch test reaction to PPD related to hair coloring products was found in 0.1% (95% confidence interval 0.0-0.2%). A significant association with PPD contact allergy was observed for subjects who had black henna tattoos in their lifetime, with an age- and gender-adjusted odds ratio of 9.33 (95% confidence interval 3.45-25.26, P < 0.001). Black henna tattoos are an important risk factor for PPD contact allergy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Contact Allergy to p-Phenylenediamine in the European General Population

Diepgen

Naldi

Bruze

et al. 2016

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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“…Patients sensitized by PPD in henna tattoos may have serious allergic reactions when later dyeing their hair or eyebrows/lashes with a permanent or semi‐permanent dye ( , , , , , ; Table ). Dermatitis may affect the scalp, the face, the eyelids, the ears, the neck, and the trunk.…”

Section: Side‐effects Of Black Hennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Side‐effects of henna and semi‐permanent ‘black henna’ tattoos: a full review

Groot¹

2013

Contact Dermatitis

135

117

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SummaryHenna, the dried and powdered leaf of Lawsonia inermis, is widely used as a dye for the skin, hair, and nails, and as an expression of body art, especially in Islamic and Hindu cultures. As it stains the skin reddish-brown, it is also called red henna. Black henna is the combination of red henna with p-phenylenediamine (PPD), and is used for temporary 'black henna tattoos'. This article provides a full review of the side-effects of topical application of red and black henna, both cutaneous (allergic and non-allergic) and systemic. Red henna appears to be generally safe, with rare instances of contact allergy and type I hypersensitivity reactions. In children with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, topical application of henna may cause life-threatening haemolysis. Black henna tattoos will induce contact allergy to its ingredient PPD at an estimated frequency of 2.5%. Once sensitized, the patients may experience allergic contact dermatitis from the use of hair dyes containing PPD. There are often cross-reactions to other hair dyes, dyes used in textiles, local anaesthetics, and rubber chemicals. The sensitization of children to PPD may have important consequences for health and later career prospects. Systemic toxicity of black henna has been reported in certain African countries.

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“…Loss of this pigment in hair leads to hair whitening . Although synthetic hair dyes are routinely employed to conceal whitening, concerns are mounting regarding potential toxicity and allergies arising from their extensive use. − Among the proposed polymeric alternatives to mimic melanin, − recently, polydopamine (PDA) has been proposed as a melanin mimetic hair dye. − In our latest work, we demonstrated that spontaneous dopamine oxidation under basic conditions leads to successful deposition of PDA nanoparticles onto human hair . Fine-tuning the reaction conditions also enabled the selection of colors from a palette ranging from blond to black, with red, orange, and brown shades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Chemoenzymatic Route to Artificial Melanin for Hair Pigmentation

et al. 2020

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Recent reports suggest that next-generation hair dyes might take inspiration from the natural pigment melanin. In humans, melanin imparts color to hair and skin and acts as a natural sunscreen and radical scavenger, thereby protecting lipids and proteins from damage. The most commonly employed synthetic mimic of melanin is polydopamine, and its successful deposition on human hair was recently reported. Herein, we describe an enzymatic approach to synthetic melanin for dyeing human hair in a process that closely mimics part of natural melanogenesis. This chemoenzymatic method avoids the addition of a base and enables the implementation of several monomers beyond dopamine, including tyrosine, tyramine, and their derivatives. Critically, the enzyme provides a milder process for producing coated hair fibers than conventional chemical hair dyeing methods. In addition to providing natural coloration, these coatings have the potential to act as protective sunscreens that prevent photodamage of the inner hair fibers during exposure to sunlight. The protocols developed herein represent a mild and efficient route to nature-inspired multifunctional coatings. Such materials are promising candidates for artificial hair pigmentation and, more generally, could find extensive application as functional fiber coatings.

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Hair-dye allergy: a coloured case

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Prevalence of Contact Allergy to p-Phenylenediamine in the European General Population

Prevalence of Contact Allergy to p-Phenylenediamine in the European General Population

Side‐effects of henna and semi‐permanent ‘black henna’ tattoos: a full review

Bioinspired Chemoenzymatic Route to Artificial Melanin for Hair Pigmentation

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