Hair grooming practices and central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia

Hair and scalp disorders in women of African descent: an overview

“…Recent data link this disease to the use of sewn-in weaves and artificial hair extensions. 22 There is also some evidence to suggest a genetic predisposition, with Dlova and Forder 71 recently reporting the occurrence of families with CCCA. Finally, there are limited data linking CCCA with type 2 diabetes mellitus.…”

Hair care practices and their association with scalp and hair disorders in African American girls

“…Several of these practices have been implicated as risk factors for scalp and hair dermatoses. 3,4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Prolonged tension on the hair root by certain hairstyles lead to TA, which can over time result in irreversible scarring alopecia. 16,17 Permanent chemical relaxers (straighteners), waves, and dyes may cause contact allergic or irritant dermatitis, chemical burns, scarring alopecia, and increased hair breakage.…”

“…9,[11][12][13][14] Sewn-in weaves and artificial hair extensions have been associated with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. 15 For other hair and scalp dermatoses, such as tinea capitis (TC), which has a high prevalence in African American children, 18,19 the role of hair care and styling practices is unclear. African American hair grooming practices have been speculated to play a role in the acquisition of fungus to the hair and scalp.…”

Trichotillomania and Traction Alopecia

“…The relationship between traction/TA and CCCA remains controversial [58]. Ackerman and coauthors categorized CCCA as a form of TA, [59] and a retrospective comparative study detected a strong association between CCCA and the use of tractional hairstyles with artificial hair extensions [60]. However, a more recent study failed to reveal an association between CCCA and tractional hairstyles.…”