Hairy Root Cultures of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. to Produce Gymnemic Acid

Abstract

Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) is an endangered species extensively used in the management of diabetes, obesity, and treatment of various diseases. Uncontrolled exploitation to meet the increasing demand and low seed viability hastens the disappearance of the plant from its natural habitat. Hairy root culture provides a suitable alternative for the enhanced production of active principles. The current protocol provides the optimized culture conditions for the establishment of hairy root cultures and elicitation studies and also confirmation of stable integration of A. rhizogenes plasmid T-DNA into host genetic material by PCR and RT-PCR. Furthermore, it also discusses the suitable methods for the extraction procedures, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of gymnemic acid by HPTLC and HPLC.

Establishment of hairy roots culture of Perilla frutescens L. and production of phenolic acids

“…The use of hairy root cultures for the production of bioactive compounds in pharmaceuticals has been extensively reported in literature. For instance, studies have shown that S. bulleyana hairy roots can be used to produce polyphenolic compounds (Wojciechowska et al, 2020), Trachyspermum ammi hairy roots can produce thymol (Vamenani et al, 2020), Gymnema sylvestre hairy roots can produce gymnemic acid (Rajashekar et al, 2016), Artemisia hairy roots can produce phenol, avonoid, sterol, and essential oil (Mottaki et al, 2019). Furthermore, Salvia viridis hairy roots can be utilized to produce polyphenolic compounds (Grzegorczyk-Karolak et al, 2018), Brugmansia candidas hairy roots can produce tropane alkaloids (Cardillo et al, 2016), Rehmannia elata hairy roots can produce iridoid and phenylethanoid glycosides (Piątczak et al, 2019), and Corylus avellana hairy roots can produce saponins (Jalalipour .…”