Hairy Vetch and Livestock Compost Improve Soil Carbon and Nitrogen, and Fresh-market Tomato Yield

Muchanga, Rafael A.; Hirata, Toshiyuki; Araki, Hideki

doi:10.21273/hortsci13828-18

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In both years, HVI was the most effective treatment in increasing STN. The positive effects of HVI on STN shown in Table 4 agreed with the results of our previous study [25] where the effects of HV (incorporation) were compared to those of livestock compost. In that study, HV incorporation showed 7.29% greater STN stock than the bare treatment (no HV and compost) and a 17.3% increase of STN stock compared with the baseline stock (initial STN stock measured before any treatment application).…”

Section: Soil Total Nsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Cover Crop Residue Management for Effective Use of Mineralized Nitrogen in Greenhouse Tomato Production

Muchanga¹,

Araki²

2021

Nitrogen in Agriculture - Physiological, Agricultural and Ecological Aspects [Working Title]

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Adequate residue management may enhance the benefits of cover crops on greenhouse tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) productivity, soil N pool, N cycling, and environmental quality. Regardless of management, cover crops may maintain or increase soil N storage at 10 cm depth compared with bare fallow. Cover crops may also enhance microbial biomass N, as a result, soil N availability may increase with cover crops, except rye (Secale cereale L.), more so with hairy vetch (Vicia villosa R.; HV) incorporation than HV mulch and the biculture of HV and rye. Residual inorganic N at surface soil may increase with cover crops, more so with HV and rye monocultures than the biculture. Tomato yield may increase more with the biculture than either HV incorporation or HV mulch because of an efficient residue-N use by tomatoes. The biculture may change the N release pattern from both cover crops: rye of the biculture may release more N than the monoculture, while HV may release a similar or more N in the late than in the early period of tomato growth. With adequate seeding HV/rye ratio (2/1), biculture may maintain or increase soil N storage, increase N cycling and tomato yield, and improve environmental quality.

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Section: Soil Total Nsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Araki et al [17] reported greater tomato yield and plant growth with HV mulch than with bare fallow. Likewise, Muchanga et al [25] reported greater marketable and total yields and shoot biomass with HV incorporation than with the bare fallow.…”

Section: Effects Of Cover Crop Residue Management On Tomato Yield N mentioning

confidence: 93%

Cover Crop Residue Management for Effective Use of Mineralized Nitrogen in Greenhouse Tomato Production

Muchanga¹,

Araki²

2021

Nitrogen in Agriculture - Physiological, Agricultural and Ecological Aspects [Working Title]

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“…Although cover crops have occasionally been shown to reduce vegetable yield (Leavitt et al, 2011), we found that the cover crop mixtures and management strategies demonstrated in this experiment did not reduce pepper yield relative to bare fallow. In one instance, red clover treatments in Rosemount Y1increased marketable yield relative to the bare control, consistent with previous studies of solanaceous crops (Abdul-Baki et al, 1996;Muchanga et al, 2019). Increased weight of marketable fruits is desirable because larger fruits are more likely to meet the highest USDA grade, 'Fancy', and can be sold for a higher price (USDA, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Exploring Overwintered Cover Crops as a Soil Management Tool in Upper-midwest High Tunnels

Perkus

Grossman

Pfeiffer

et al. 2022

horts

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High tunnels are an important season extension tool for horticultural production in cold climates, however maintaining soil health in these intensively managed spaces is challenging. Cover crops are an attractive management tool to address issues such as decreased organic matter, degraded soil structure, increased salinity, and high nitrogen needs. We explored the effect of winter cover crops on soil nutrients, soil health and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) crop yield in high tunnels for 2 years in three locations across Minnesota. Cover crop treatments included red clover (Trifolium pratense) monoculture, Austrian winter pea/winter rye biculture (Pisum sativum/Secale cereale), hairy vetch/winter rye/tillage radish (Vicia villosa/S. cereale/Raphanus sativus) polyculture, and a bare-ground, weeded control. Cover crop treatments were seeded in two planting date treatments: early planted treatments were seeded into a standing bell pepper crop in late Aug/early September and late planted treatments were seeded after bell peppers were removed in mid-September At termination time in early May, all cover crops had successfully overwintered and produced biomass in three Minnesota locations except for Austrian winter pea at the coldest location, zone 3b. Data collected include cover crop and weed biomass, biomass carbon and nitrogen, extractable soil nitrogen, potentially mineralizable nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, permanganate oxidizable carbon, soil pH, soluble salts (EC), and pepper yield. Despite poor legume performance, increases in extractable soil nitrogen and potentially mineralizable nitrogen in the weeks following cover crop residue incorporation were observed. Biomass nitrogen contributions averaged 100 kg·ha−1 N with an observed high of 365 kg·ha−1 N. Cover crops also reduced extractable soil N in a spring sampling relative to the bare ground control, suggesting provision of nitrogen retention ecosystem services.

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“…Tao et al [68] observed increased soil organic matter and total N with the addition of hairy vetch on a loam soil. Muchanga et al [69] reported a 3% increase in C content over a two-year period with hairy vetch as a cover crop in a high-tunnel tomato system. Harun [70] showed a 26% increase in soil organic C with winter wheat compared to control in a laboratory study on a Cumberland silt loam (fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic Rhodic Paleudalfs) in Tennessee.…”

Section: Total Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Cover Crops and Poultry Litter on Selected Soil Properties and Yield in Dryland Soybean Production

et al. 2021

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Soil biological properties are important for the stabilization and preservation of a good soil structure. Management practices can affect the diversity and population of microorganisms, which could beneficially change soil properties and promote a more sustainable dryland crop production. This study was established near Pontotoc, MS, USA (34°07′ N, 88°59′ W) on an Atwood silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, semiactive, thermic Typic Paleudalf) to evaluate the impacts of cover crops, planting dates and fertilizer sources (poultry litter, inorganic fertilizer and no fertilizer) on selected biologically related soil properties in a no-tillage, dryland soybean production. Soil analyses included total carbon and nitrogen, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP), water stable aggregate (WSA) and soil pH. Cover crop production and soybean yield were also determined. The results indicated that the fertilizer source had an impact on total nitrogen, EE-GRSP and soybean yield. Total N was 6% higher with poultry litter at the early planting date compared to no fertilizer (control) (p < 0.0018) and at the late planting date, when total N and EE-GRSP were increased by 11% and 13%, respectively, with poultry litter compared to no fertilizer. Additionally, soil pH was reduced by 0.25 units in the poultry litter-amended treatment. Soybean yield was increased by 68% and 51% in early-planted soybean and 42% and 40% in late-planted soybean with poultry litter and inorganic fertilizer, respectively, compared to no fertilizer. This study revealed that biological soil properties and soybean yield were influenced by poultry litter application. The results showed no significant effects of cover crops over the short time period of the study.

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Hairy Vetch and Livestock Compost Improve Soil Carbon and Nitrogen, and Fresh-market Tomato Yield

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Cover Crop Residue Management for Effective Use of Mineralized Nitrogen in Greenhouse Tomato Production

Cover Crop Residue Management for Effective Use of Mineralized Nitrogen in Greenhouse Tomato Production

Exploring Overwintered Cover Crops as a Soil Management Tool in Upper-midwest High Tunnels

Impact of Cover Crops and Poultry Litter on Selected Soil Properties and Yield in Dryland Soybean Production

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