Halammohydra schulzei: First Actinulid Recorded from Western Atlantic

Bush, Louise; Zinn, Donald Joseph

doi:10.2307/3224365

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Most of the early meiofaunal research was done in Europe (Giere, 2009), hence the high amount of records. Additional previous findings in the Western Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea (e.g., Bush & Zinn, 1970;Calder & Kirkendale, 2005;Garraffoni et al, 2017) and on the Azores (Tödter & Schmidt-Rhaesa, 2021) suggest a broader distribution than expected. Nonetheless, it is interesting, that Europe, or single localities within, harbor such a high number of different species, especially compared to other genera of meiofaunal Cnidaria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…One is H. intermedia (Clausen, 1967), which combines characters of both H. schulzei and H. octopodides and was described from Norway and also reported from Helgoland (Clausen, 1967). The other is H. schulzei, a species with records from many different locations: Helgoland (Clausen, 1967;Remane, 1927), Sylt (Schmidt, 1969), Western Baltic Sea (Schulz, 1952), Roscoff (Swedmark, 1957;Swedmark & Teissier, 1957a, 1957bTeissier, 1950), Marseille (Swedmark, 1957), United Kingdom (Boaden, 1961), Norway (Clausen, 1963(Clausen, , 1967 and one record from the Western Atlantic (Bush & Zinn, 1970). These records give the impression of a broad distribution and high numbers of specimens for H. schulzei, but this could not be confirmed in our investigations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other locations are Sweden (Boaden, 1960;Dahl, 1953), the UK (Boaden, 1961(Boaden, , 1963(Boaden, , 1966Gray, 1971;Harvey & Wells, 1961;Moore, 1979), Norway (Clausen, 1963(Clausen, , 1967(Clausen, , 1991(Clausen, , 2000(Clausen, , 2004, Netherlands (Wolff et al, 1974), Adriatic Sea (Salvini-Plawen, 1991), Azores (Tödter & Schmidt-Rhaesa, 2021), and Spain (Martínez et al, 2009(Martínez et al, , 2019. Outside of Europe, most records are from India (Altaff et al, 2005;Janakiraman et al, 2016;Mohan & Dhivya, 2010;Nagabhushanam, 1972;Rao, 1975Rao, , 1978Rao, , 1993Rao & Ganapati, 1965, 1966Rao & Misra, 1980;Salvini-Plawen & Rao, 1973;Sugumaran & Padmasai, 2019;Sugumaran et al, 2009;Varadharajan & Soundarapandian, 2013) and only a few from the Western Atlantic and Caribbean Sea (Bush & Zinn, 1970;Calder & Kirkendale, 2005;Garraffoni et al, 2017;Hochberg et al, 2014;Jörger et al, 2014;Kånneby et al, 2014). Halammohydra is exclusively reported from interstitial environments of sandy sediments, ranging from fine to coarse sand or shell gravel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative molecular and morphological species delineation of Halammohydra Remane, 1927 (Hydrozoa)—with the description of four new species

2023

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Whereas most cnidarians are macrofaunal, a few microscopic lineages have evolved, and some of them inhabit marine sediments. The meiofaunal genus with the most species is Halammohydra, comprising nine nominal species. Species are described with high intraspecific variability in, e.g., the number of tentacles and statocysts and the shape and length of tentacles and body, complicating morphological identification to species level. Additionally, there is not much molecular data available. This study aims to revise already described species with morphological and molecular methods, as well as, to delineate potential new species answering questions about their geographical distribution. For this, specimens were sampled at 16 locations in the Northwest Atlantic and two localities in the East Atlantic, documented with light microscopy, and fixed individually for sequencing (16S, 18S, and CO1). Herewith, morphological characters were linked to a specific sequence, enabling the testing of character variation within one molecular phylogenetic group. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted (Bayesian Interference and Maximum Likelihood) in combination with species delimitation tests (ABGD, GMYC, and bPTP). Four already described species were identified in the data sets, and all of these were found at multiple localities. Four new species are described. Overall, the combined molecular and morphological data acquisition revealed multiple new species and a high degree of sympatry in Halammohydra. This, together with the confirmed excessive intraspecific variation in morphological traits, underlines the necessity of molecular sequencing for the taxonomy and species identification of Halammohydra.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative molecular and morphological species delineation of Halammohydra Remane, 1927 (Hydrozoa)—with the description of four new species

2023

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“…Crowell (1945Crowell ( , 1947, Eraser (1945), Berrill (1948), Merrill (1967). Bush and Zinn (1970), Templeman (1973), and Calder (1974), in which one or two species have been discussed. Others, including Prefontaine (1932), Prat (1933), Procter (1933), Dexter (1944Dexter ( , 1947, Fuller (1946) Newfoundland and Anticosti Island have been described by Leloup (1939Leloup ( , 1960, and papers on the hydroids of northern Canada by Calder (1970Calder ( , 1972 included a number of species from the Strait of Belle Isle.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biotic Census of Cape Cod Bay: Hydroids

Calder

1975

The Biological Bulletin

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Halammohydra schulzei: First Actinulid Recorded from Western Atlantic

Cited by 2 publications

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Comparative molecular and morphological species delineation of Halammohydra Remane, 1927 (Hydrozoa)—with the description of four new species

Comparative molecular and morphological species delineation of Halammohydra Remane, 1927 (Hydrozoa)—with the description of four new species

Biotic Census of Cape Cod Bay: Hydroids

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