Half-Electrolysis of Water with the Aid of a Supercapacitor Electrode

Chen, Yao; Chen, George Zheng

doi:10.1021/acsaem.3c00615

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The two-phase materials with more facile craft, such as 3D printing, may be exploited. Additionally, these composite catalysts can be also applied in new electrolysis technology, for instance, alternate alkaline water electrolysis [ 9 , 141 , 142 ].…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano-Scale Engineering of Heterojunction for Alkaline Water Electrolysis

Chen,

Xu,

Chen

2023

Materials

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Alkaline water electrolysis is promising for low-cost and scalable hydrogen production. Renewable energy-driven alkaline water electrolysis requires highly effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the most active electrocatalysts show orders of magnitude lower performance in alkaline electrolytes than that in acidic ones. To improve such catalysts, heterojunction engineering has been exploited as the most efficient strategy to overcome the activity limitations of the single component in the catalyst. In this review, the basic knowledge of alkaline water electrolysis and the catalytic mechanisms of heterojunctions are introduced. In the HER mechanisms, the ensemble effect emphasizes the multi-sites of different components to accelerate the various intermedium reactions, while the electronic effect refers to the d-band center theory associated with the adsorption and desorption energies of the intermediate products and catalyst. For the OER with multi-electron transfer, a scaling relation was established: the free energy difference between HOO* and HO* is 3.2 eV, which can be overcome by electrocatalysts with heterojunctions. The development of electrocatalysts with heterojunctions are summarized. Typically, Ni(OH)2/Pt, Ni/NiN3 and MoP/MoS2 are HER electrocatalysts, while Ir/Co(OH)2, NiFe(OH)x/FeS and Co9S8/Ni3S2 are OER ones. Last but not the least, the trend of future research is discussed, from an industry perspective, in terms of decreasing the number of noble metals, achieving more stable heterojunctions for longer service, adopting new craft technologies such as 3D printing and exploring revolutionary alternate alkaline water electrolysis.

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Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrolysis of water consists of two half reactions, namely a cathodic HER and an anodic OER [ 9 ]. Noble metal nanoparticles show the outstanding catalytic activities in H 2 generation [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Scale Engineering of Heterojunction for Alkaline Water Electrolysis

Chen,

Xu,

Chen

2023

Materials

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“…Relying on the self-discharge of the supercapacitor electrode, though partially feasible [93], is not a comprehensive method to regenerate the supercapacitor electrode for sustaining the half-electrolysis. If half-electrolysis is applied to water electrolysis, it would work continuously to achieve alternate water electrolysis, as revealed in our patent applications in 2019 [94,95]. Typically, the cell for the half-electrolysis of water consisted of a supercapacitor electrode of activated carbon (AC), an electrolysis electrode of commercial Pt wire or Pt/C in an electrolyte of simulated seawater with an alkaline additive (0.5 mol L − 1 KOH + 0.5 mol L − 1 NaCl).…”

Section: Half-electrolysis Of Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 17), whilst AC discharged, OER on the same Pt electrode as an anode according to Eq. ( 19) [96]. Because HER and OER occurred stepwise, the diaphragm was omitted in the half-electrolysis of water, overcoming the drawbacks of a diaphragm-based cell mentioned in Introduction.…”

Section: Half-electrolysis Of Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

John Stuart Mill, Socialist

McCabe

2021

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Hydrogen gas is a net zero carbon emission clean fuel with an unmatched high specific energy. Water electrolysis is an important alternative method to produce hydrogen to the traditional fossil hydrocarbon reforming in industry. The main challenges of water electrolysis are the high energy consumption (ca. 5 kWh m − 3 (H 2 ) at 80 ℃) and, if accidentally formed, the explosive nature of any unintended mixing of the produced hydrogen and oxygen gases. In order to solve these problems, alternate water electrolysis has been developed by, for example, decoupling of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in space or time. This critical review intends to introduce the concept and recent developments of alternate water electrolysis in different schemes, including the alternate thermolysis and electrolysis of water, the alternate water electrolysis by using a liquid or solid redox intermedium and the alternate half-electrolysis of water. All the alternate water electrolysis methods solve the gas mixing problem whilst half-electrolysis and those with a solid redox medium omit the membranes. Specifically, only the alternate half-electrolysis of water can save the energy consumption without compromising the operation life and production rate.

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“…Hydrogen gas serves as a clean energy source, boasting a specific density of 143 MJ kg −1 , significantly surpassing that of conventional fossil fuels [1,2]. However, the transport and storage of hydrogen are critical barriers hindering the development of the hydrogen economy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Enhanced Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane with Porous Graphene-Supported Platinum Catalysts

Xu,

Sun,

Chen

2024

Molecules

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Graphene is a good support for immobilizing catalysts, due to its large theoretical specific surface area and high electric conductivity. Solid chemical converted graphene, in a form with multiple layers, decreases the practical specific surface area. Building pores in graphene can increase specific surface area and provide anchor sites for catalysts. In this study, we have prepared porous graphene (PG) via the process of equilibrium precipitation followed by carbothermal reduction of ZnO. During the equilibrium precipitation process, hydrolyzed N,N-dimethylformamide sluggishly generates hydroxyl groups which transform Zn2+ into amorphous ZnO nanodots anchored on reduced graphene oxide. After carbothermal reduction of zinc oxide, micropores are formed in PG. When the Zn2+ feeding amount is 0.12 mmol, the average size of the Pt nanoparticles on PG in the catalyst is 7.25 nm. The resulting Pt/PG exhibited the highest turnover frequency of 511.6 min−1 for ammonia borane hydrolysis, which is 2.43 times that for Pt on graphene without the addition of Zn2+. Therefore, PG treated via equilibrium precipitation and subsequent carbothermal reduction can serve as an effective support for the catalytic hydrolysis of ammonia borane.

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Half-Electrolysis of Water with the Aid of a Supercapacitor Electrode

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Nano-Scale Engineering of Heterojunction for Alkaline Water Electrolysis

Nano-Scale Engineering of Heterojunction for Alkaline Water Electrolysis

John Stuart Mill, Socialist

Exploring Enhanced Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane with Porous Graphene-Supported Platinum Catalysts

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