Hallucinations and Delusions in Children and Adolescents

Larøi, Frank; Linden, Martial Van der; Goeb, Jean-Louis

doi:10.2174/157340006778699756

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…In our study, participants endorsing one of those three items were included in the hallucination subsample. In total, 54 adolescents (31% of total sample) endorsed at least one hallucination-related item, consistent with previous reports of PS in youth samples (Larøi et al, 2006).…”

Section: Post Hoc Analyses On Adolescents Reporting Hallucination-liksupporting

confidence: 88%

Associations Among Metacognitive Beliefs, Anxiety and Positive Schizotypy During Adolescence

Debbané¹,

Linden²,

Balanzin³

et al. 2012

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

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The expression of early delusion and hallucination-like symptoms, known as positive schizotypy (PS), holds predictive power for later development of psychotic disorders. However, little is known about the psychological and emotional processes promoting the expression of PS during adolescent development. Our study's objective was to examine the nature of the relationships between adolescent PS and two dimensions previously identified to contribute to adult positive symptoms of psychosis, metacognitive beliefs and anxiety. Using a structural equation modeling design, data from self-report questionnaires measuring anxiety, metacognitive beliefs, and PS were collected from 179 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. Our results indicate that although metacognitive beliefs significantly influence adolescent PS and anxiety, maladaptive contradictory metacognitive beliefs specifically potentiate positive schizotypal expression in hallucination-prone adolescents. Furthermore, we observe that PS and anxiety entertain reciprocal relationships. These findings suggest that relationships between metacognitive beliefs, anxiety, and PS can already be observed during adolescence.

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Section: Post Hoc Analyses On Adolescents Reporting Hallucination-liksupporting

confidence: 88%

Associations Among Metacognitive Beliefs, Anxiety and Positive Schizotypy During Adolescence

Debbané¹,

Linden²,

Balanzin³

et al. 2012

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

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“…Auditory hallucinations (AHs) have been conceptualized as a neurodevelopmental phenomenon (Bentall et al, 2007) with a prevalence varying from 6 to 33% in adolescence (see review Larøi et al, 2006). A number of cognitive processes are thought to sustain the expression of AH, such as attention shift/enhancement, executive and inhibitory deficits, and source monitoring (SM) (Hugdahl, 2009; Jones, 2010; Badcock and Hugdahl, 2012; Waters et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action simulation in hallucination-prone adolescents

Dahoun

Eliez

Chen

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Theoretical and empirical accounts suggest that impairments in self-other discrimination processes are likely to promote the expression of hallucinations. Studies using a variety of paradigms involving self-performed actions argue in favor of perspective taking confusion in hallucination-prone subjects. However, our understanding of such processes during adolescence is still at an early stage. The present study thus aims (1) to delineate the neural correlates sustaining mental simulation of actions involving self-performed actions (first-person perspective; 1PP) and other-performed actions (third-person perspective; 3PP) during adolescence (2) to identify atypical activation patterns during 1PP/3PP mental simulation of actions in hallucination-prone adolescents (3) to examine whether differential risk for schizophrenia (clinical vs. genetic) is also associated with differential impairments in the 1PP/3PP mental simulation of actions during adolescence. Twenty-two typically developing controls (Control group; 6 females), 12 hallucination-prone adolescents [auditory hallucination (AH) group; 7 females] and 13 adolescents with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS group; 4 females) were included in the study. During the fMRI task, subjects were presented with a cue (self-other priming cues) indicating to perform the task using either a first person perspective (“you”-1PP) or a third person perspective (“best friend”-3PP) and then they were asked to mentally simulate actions based on the type of cue. Hallucination-proneness was assessed using a self-report questionnaire [Cardiff Anomalous Perception Scale (CAPS)]. Our results indicated that atypical patterns of cerebral activation, particularly in the key areas of self-other distinction, were found in both groups at risk for auditory hallucinations (AHs and 22q11.2DS). More precisely, adolescents in the AH group presented decreased activations in the right middle occipital gyrus BA19, left cingulate gyrus BA31, and right precuneus BA31 for the 3PP > 1PP contrast. Adolescents in the 22q11.2DS group presented decreased activations in the right superior occipital gyrus BA19, left caudate tail and left precuneus BA7 for the 3PP > 1PP contrast. In comparison to the Control group, only the 22q11.2DS adolescents showed a decreased activation for other-related cues (prime other > prime self contrast) in areas of visual imagery, episodic memory and social cognition. This study characterizes the neural correlates of mental imagery for actions during adolescence, and suggests that a differential risk for hallucination-proneness (clinical vs. genetic) is associated to similar patterns of atypical activations in key areas sustaining self-other discrimination processes. These observations may provide relevant information for future research and prevention strategies with regards to hallucination-proneness during adolescence.

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“…L'hal lucination est un symptôme fréquent en population pédiatrique et certains auteurs ont pu questionner sa spécificité diagnostique au cours de l'enfance [1]. Les hallucinations peuvent en effet être trouvées en l'absence de toute maladie somatique ou psychiatrique chez le sujet jeune et constituer un phénomène développemental transitoire et bénin, lié à une immaturité psychique [2,3,4].…”

Section: Points Essentielsunclassified

“…Les hallucinations peuvent être associées à une grande variété de tableaux cliniques pédopsychiatriques tels que les troubles envahissants du développement, la schizophrénie à début précoce, les troubles de l'humeur, les troubles des conduites, les carences affectives et sociales graves, le syndrome de stress post-traumatique ou encore le syndrome de Gilles de la Tourette [1]. De même au sein des populations non-cliniques, la présence d'hallucinations est fréquemment associée à des symptômes dépressifs ou anxieux, qui en eux-mêmes peuvent constituer des facteurs d'entretien de la symptomatologie hallucinatoire [11].…”

Section: Causes Psychiatriques Des Hallucinations De L'enfant Et De Lunclassified

Stratégies diagnostiques et thérapeutiques face aux hallucinations de l’enfant et de l’adolescent

2010

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Hallucinations and Delusions in Children and Adolescents

Cited by 16 publications

References 121 publications

Associations Among Metacognitive Beliefs, Anxiety and Positive Schizotypy During Adolescence

Associations Among Metacognitive Beliefs, Anxiety and Positive Schizotypy During Adolescence

Action simulation in hallucination-prone adolescents

Stratégies diagnostiques et thérapeutiques face aux hallucinations de l’enfant et de l’adolescent

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