Hallucinatory Palinopsia in COVID-19-Induced Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome

Ghosh, Ritwik; Lahiri, Durjoy; Dubey, Souvik; Ray, Biman Kanti; Benito‐León, Julián

doi:10.1097/wno.0000000000001135

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Literature review supported our finding that visual manifestations of PRES in the context of COVID-19 may persist and include visual field defects, cortical blindness, visual hallucinations, with palinopsialike images. One case described previously had transient hallucinatory palinopsia due to PRES, also in the context of COVID-19, that was described as previously seen images recurring over 2 days (Table 1) [14]. Our (Case 1) patient's experience was different from this prior report, with palinopsia of prior release visual hallucinations and not of previously seen real images.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…Database search recovered 37 unique articles describing PRES and COVID‐19, of which five were excluded after abstract review. The remaining 32 articles underwent full text review; 22 articles met all inclusion criteria and contained detailed clinical information on 32 individuals with PRES and COVID‐19 [6–27]. All cases reported MRI findings consistent with a diagnosis of PRES (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. Seven cases (20%) reported development of PRES with only mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 (Figure4a)[5,10,[12][13][14]16,26,27].Of these, three individuals were older than 65 years, with medical risk factors for COVID-19[1,10,12,16], and two were peripartumF I G U R E 2 Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Case 2. (a, b) T2-weighted imaging sequence with fluid attenuation and inversion recovery (T2/FLAIR) for MRI of the brain of Case 2 on day of seizure (hospital Day 14) showed extensive bilateral hyperintensities in the white matter of the (a) occipital lobes and (b) frontoparietal lobes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistent visual dysfunction following posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to COVID‐19: Case series and literature review

Hixon

Thaker

Pelak

2021

Euro J of Neurology

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A growing body of literature has documented the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the central nervous system (CNS), which can range from mild anosmia and dysgeusia to encephalopathy, large vessel strokes, and other reported conditions [1]. Whereas some sequelae appear to be due to direct CNS infection, others may be an indirect effect of the infection-induced severe systemic inflammatory response [1]. Of concern, an increasing number of people with COVID-19, across the spectrum of disease severity, report persistent neurological symptoms weeks to months after the clearance

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistent visual dysfunction following posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to COVID‐19: Case series and literature review

Hixon

Thaker

Pelak

2021

Euro J of Neurology

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“…Although novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was primarily considered a respiratory pathogen, it has revealed to have the enormous capability in giving rise to umpteen numbers of neurological manifestations [ 1 ]. It has affected all parts of the cranio-spinal and neuromuscular axes [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] ]. SARS-CoV-2 infection has immense potential to predispose infected individuals to develop arterial and venous thrombosis anywhere in the body due to endothelial dysfunction [ 1 , 6 , 7 ], hyperinflammatory state [ 6 , 8 ], platelet activation [ 6 , 9 ], and vascular stasis [ 6 , 10 ] i.e., activation of the Virchow's triad [ 11 ].…”

Section: Background and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral venous thrombosis in COVID-19

Ghosh

Roy

Mandal

et al. 2021

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Revi

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Background and aims Initially, novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was considered primarily a respiratory pathogen. However, with time it has behaved as a virus with the potential to cause multi-system involvement, including neurological manifestations. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) has increasingly been reported in association with coronavirus infectious disease of 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we have shed light upon CVT and its possible mechanisms in the backdrop of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this review, data were collected from PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science, until March 30, 2021, using pre-specified searching strategies. The search strategy consisted of a variation of keywords of relevant medical subject headings and keywords, including “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “coronavirus”, and “cerebral venous sinus thrombosis”. Results COVID-19 has a causal association with a plethora of neurological, neuropsychiatric and psychological effects. CVT has gained particular importance in this regard. The known hypercoagulable state in SARS-CoV-2 infection is thought to be the main mechanism in COVID-19 related CVT. Other plausible mechanisms may include vascular endothelial dysfunction and altered flow dynamics. Conclusions Although there are no specific clinical characteristics, insidious or acute onset headache, seizures, stroke-like, or encephalopathy symptoms in a patient with, or who has suffered COVID-19, should prompt the attending physician to investigate for CVT. The treatment of COVID-19 associated CVT does not differ radically from the therapy of CVT without the infection, i.e. urgent initiation of parenteral unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin followed by conventional or mostly newer oral anticoagulants.

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“…However, we should closely monitor COVID-19 survivors for the possibility of post-COVID movement disorders.Neurological manifestations of a predominantly respiratory pathogen, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are being widely documented. 1 These may include mild headache, hyposmia/anosmia, hypogeusia/ageusia, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, encephalitis, alterations in circadian rhythm, cognitive impairment, increased seizure frequency, myopathy, and Guillain-Barré syndrome variants, among others [1][2][3][4][5] ; as such, the infection may affect almost all parts of the neural axis. 1 However, movement disorders preceded by coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) have been a strikingly less discussed topic.Infectious diseases are among the most common causes of neurological disability worldwide.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%