Halophytic Hordeum brevisubulatum HbHAK1 Facilitates Potassium Retention and Contributes to Salt Tolerance

Zhang, Haiwen; Xiao, Wen; Yu, Wenwen; Jiang, Ying; Li, Ruifen

doi:10.3390/ijms21155292

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The HvHAK1 gene, which encodes a high-affinity potassium transporter, was the first KUP/HAK/KT gene in higher plants to be cloned [ 71 ]. Since then, various homologs of HvHAK1 have been identified and characterized, including AtHAK5 , OsHAK1 , OsHAK5 , ZmHAK5 , and HbHAK1 [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 72 ]. The expression levels of these genes are up-regulated significantly under LK conditions as part of a common plant adaptive response to LK stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Analysis of Roots Response to Potassium Deficiency and the Effect of TaHAK1-4A on K+ Uptake in Wheat

Zhao

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Potassium (K+) is essential for plant growth and stress responses. A deficiency in soil K+ contents can result in decreased wheat quality and productivity. Thus, clarifying the molecular mechanism underlying wheat responses to low-K+ (LK) stress is critical. In this study, a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in roots of the LK-tolerant wheat cultivar “KN9204” at the seedling stage after exposure to LK stress. A total of 104 DAPs were identified in the LK-treated roots. The DAPs related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism, transport, stress responses and defense, and post-translational modifications under LK conditions were highlighted. We identified a high-affinity potassium transporter (TaHAK1-4A) that was significantly up-regulated after the LK treatment. Additionally, TaHAK1-4A was mainly expressed in roots, and the encoded protein was localized in the plasma membrane. The complementation assay in yeast suggested that TaHAK1-4A mediates K+ uptake under extreme LK conditions. The overexpression of TaHAK1-4A increased the fresh weight and root length of Arabidopsis under LK conditions and improved the growth of Arabidopsis athak5 mutant seedlings, which grow poorly under LK conditions. Moreover, silencing of TaHAK1-4A in wheat roots treated with LK stress decreased the root length, dry weight, K+ concentration, and K+ influx. Accordingly, TaHAK1-4A is important for the uptake of K+ by roots exposed to LK stress. Our results reveal the protein metabolic changes in wheat induced by LK stress. Furthermore, we identified a candidate gene potentially relevant for developing wheat lines with increased K+ use efficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Analysis of Roots Response to Potassium Deficiency and the Effect of TaHAK1-4A on K+ Uptake in Wheat

Zhao

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Nonetheless, by studying two contrasting C. quina accessions, Kiani-Pouya et al [ 95 ] have recently revealed that the transcript levels of CqGORK in roots remained unchanged or decreased in salt-tolerant accession but increased in salt-sensitive accession, implying GORK’s role in K + retention for better osmotic adjustment in the cells of salt-sensitive C. quina . Furthermore, the ion selectivity approach of HAKs/HKTs has been reported to confer greater uptake of K + in Eutrema parvula [ 105 ] and Hordeum brevisubulatum [ 99 ] and, thus, contributed to improved K + /Na + homeostasis ( Table 1 ). Nonetheless, future studies should be taken to decipher how the movement of K + between intra-cellular and inter-cellular membranes by K + transporters contribute to the adjustment of the osmotic environment in salt-exposed halophytic plants.…”

Section: Biochemical Mechanisms Associated With Halophyte Adaptation To Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Mechanisms of Halophytes and Their Potential in Improving Salinity Tolerance in Plants

Rahman

Mostofa

Keya

et al. 2021

IJMS

110

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Soil salinization, which is aggravated by climate change and inappropriate anthropogenic activities, has emerged as a serious environmental problem, threatening sustainable agriculture and future food security. Although there has been considerable progress in developing crop varieties by introducing salt tolerance-associated traits, most crop cultivars grown in saline soils still exhibit a decline in yield, necessitating the search for alternatives. Halophytes, with their intrinsic salt tolerance characteristics, are known to have great potential in rehabilitating salt-contaminated soils to support plant growth in saline soils by employing various strategies, including phytoremediation. In addition, the recent identification and characterization of salt tolerance-related genes encoding signaling components from halophytes, which are naturally grown under high salinity, have paved the way for the development of transgenic crops with improved salt tolerance. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive update on salinity-induced negative effects on soils and plants, including alterations of physicochemical properties in soils, and changes in physiological and biochemical processes and ion disparities in plants. We also review the physiological and biochemical adaptation strategies that help halophytes grow and survive in salinity-affected areas. Furthermore, we illustrate the halophyte-mediated phytoremediation process in salinity-affected areas, as well as their potential impacts on soil properties. Importantly, based on the recent findings on salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes, we also comprehensively discuss the potential of improving salt tolerance in crop plants by introducing candidate genes related to antiporters, ion transporters, antioxidants, and defense proteins from halophytes for conserving sustainable agriculture in salinity-prone areas.

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“…OsHKT1 transports Na + into root cells in rice, compensating for K + deficiency ( Horie et al, 2001 ). Overexpression of StNHX1, OsHAK5 , and HbHAK1 makes plants highly tolerant to salt stress ( Chen et al, 2014 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ; Horie et al, 2011 ). The SOS (salt overly sensitive) signaling pathway is a well-studied pathway closely related to plant salt tolerance ( Qiu et al, 2002 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome and structure analysis in root of Casuarina equisetifolia under NaCl treatment

Wang

Zhang

Zhenfei

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background High soil salinity seriously affects plant growth and development. Excessive salt ions mainly cause damage by inducing osmotic stress, ion toxicity, and oxidation stress. Casuarina equisetifolia is a highly salt-tolerant plant, commonly grown as wind belts in coastal areas with sandy soils. However, little is known about its physiology and the molecular mechanism of its response to salt stress. Results Eight-week-old C. equisetifolia seedlings grown from rooted cuttings were exposed to salt stress for varying durations (0, 1, 6, 24, and 168 h under 200 mM NaCl) and their ion contents, cellular structure, and transcriptomes were analyzed. Potassium concentration decreased slowly between 1 h and 24 h after initiation of salt treatment, while the content of potassium was significantly lower after 168 h of salt treatment. Root epidermal cells were shed and a more compact layer of cells formed as the treatment duration increased. Salt stress led to deformation of cells and damage to mitochondria in the epidermis and endodermis, whereas stele cells suffered less damage. Transcriptome analysis identified 10,378 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with more genes showing differential expression after 24 h and 168 h of exposure than after shorter durations of exposure to salinity. Signal transduction and ion transport genes such as HKT and CHX were enriched among DEGs in the early stages (1 h or 6 h) of salt stress, while expression of genes involved in programmed cell death was significantly upregulated at 168 h, corresponding to changes in ion contents and cell structure of roots. Oxidative stress and detoxification genes were also expressed differentially and were enriched among DEGs at different stages. Conclusions These results not only elucidate the mechanism and the molecular pathway governing salt tolerance, but also serve as a basis for identifying gene function related to salt stress in C. equisetifolia.

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Halophytic Hordeum brevisubulatum HbHAK1 Facilitates Potassium Retention and Contributes to Salt Tolerance

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

Proteomic Analysis of Roots Response to Potassium Deficiency and the Effect of TaHAK1-4A on K+ Uptake in Wheat

Proteomic Analysis of Roots Response to Potassium Deficiency and the Effect of TaHAK1-4A on K+ Uptake in Wheat

Adaptive Mechanisms of Halophytes and Their Potential in Improving Salinity Tolerance in Plants

Transcriptome and structure analysis in root of Casuarina equisetifolia under NaCl treatment

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