Hamster T cells participate in MHC alloimmune reactions but do not effect virus-induced cytotoxic activity

Nelles, Mitchell J.; Streilein, J. Wayne

doi:10.1007/bf01567771

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…NK cell activity was also detected in human leukocyte preparations and was enhanced by interferon (307). Finally, evidence suggested that at least 50% of the cytolytic activity against vaccinia virus WR-infected cells in the hamster was due to NK cells, not CTL (94,326,327,512,513).…”

Section: Nk Cellsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…CTL lyse virusinfected cells prior to virus maturation, thereby containing the spread of the infection within the host (521). The primary generation of poxvirus-specific CTL has been detected in many different species, including mice, rats, rabbits, and sheep, but not hamsters or primates (205,231,233,327,328,371,423,447,514,522). Although authentic human leukocyte antigen-restricted T cells specific for vaccinia virus have not previously been detected in the peripheral blood of primates (371,447), it is likely that with cell enrichment and isolation procedures currently available, one could isolate CTL clones.…”

Section: Adccmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poxvirus pathogenesis.

Buller

Palumbo

1991

Microbiological Reviews

293

163

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Marchal (285) and Downie (126) bodies, respectively. Because of the ambiguity associated with describing structures solely on the basis of their reaction with various histochemical stains, Kato et al. (253) carefully examined the virusspecific cytoplasmic structures of a large number of poxvirus species and, using a criterion based on morphologic observations, histochemical staining, and immunochemical reactivity, suggested that the acidophilic and basophilic inclusion bodies be referred to as A-and B-type inclusion bodies, respectively. Under the auspices of a Poxvirus Subcommittee created at the Sixth International Congress for Microbiology in 1953, Fenner and Burnet (161) wrote a review which summarized the characteristics of the poxvirus group. This article remains the basis for the subsequent classification of poxviruses. The poxvirus family is divided into two subfamilies: Entomopoxvirinae (poxviruses of the insects) and Chordopoxvirinae (poxviruses of the vertebrates); the latter group of viruses is the focus of this review (Table 1). The vertebrate poxviruses share a group-specific NP antigen (511) and are able, in a reciprocal fashion, to participate in nongenetic reactivation (160, 168). This is a process whereby an infectious poxvirus is able to reactivate a second, heatinactivated poxvirus, as indicated by the production of progeny virus. Poxviruses were further classified into genera by comparing cross-protection in animal studies, crossneutralization of infectivity in tissue culture, and crosshybridization of genomic DNA from virions. This latter criterion is now the method of choice for preliminary classification of poxvirus isolates. In general, members of the same genera have similar morphology and biological properties. Virion Morphology Poxviruses are the largest of all animal viruses and can be visualized by light microscopy, although the details of the

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Section: Nk Cellsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Adccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poxvirus pathogenesis.

Buller

Palumbo

1991

Microbiological Reviews

293

163

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T Cell-Dependent and -Independent Stimulation of Hamster Spleen NK-Like Cells With Concanavalin A

Stewart

Yang

Hahn

et al. 1985

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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This study was designed to examine the inducibility and lineage of nonspecifically cytotoxic effector cells in the hamster spleen. Employing a known T cell mitogen, concanavalin A (ConA), and a monoclonal antibody against a recently identified hamster T cell marker (Thy 1.2 homologue), we examined the effector cells induced in spleen by ConA and the role of T cells in regulating this response. Cytotoxicity was measured against uninfected baby hamster kidney cells, cells infected with herpes simplex virus, or a mouse target, SV3T3, in a 16-hr 51Cr release assay. Pretreatment of spleen cells with ConA (2.5-10 micrograms ConA/ml) markedly augmented killing of all targets. Although ConA pretreatment of effector cells enhanced cytotoxicity, pretreatment of targets did not, indicating that ConA is acting at the effector cell level. Supernatants from ConA-stimulated spleen cells also augmented spleen lymphocyte cytotoxicity, suggesting that the ConA effect is mediated by lymphokines (LK). Depletion of Thy 1.2-positive cells from the spleen cells failed to influence augmentation of cytotoxicity by either ConA or ConA-induced LK, indicating that the precursor cells are not T cells. However, depletion of Thy 1.2-positive cells completely eliminated the production of LK in response to ConA, indicating that the factors in LK that augment cytotoxicity are strictly T cell dependent. Whether nonspecific cytotoxic cells induced by ConA in the absence of T cells and by the T cell LK are the same population is not known. None of the cytotoxicity induced from intact or T cell-depleted spleen cells by either ConA or LK expressed the Thy 1.2 homologue. These results suggest that nonspecific cytotoxic lymphocytes of non-T cell lineage in the hamster are regulated via both T cell-dependent and T cell-independent mechanisms.

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Natural Effector Cells in Influenza Virus Infection

Stein‐Streilein

1989

Functions of the Natural Immune System

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Hamster T cells participate in MHC alloimmune reactions but do not effect virus-induced cytotoxic activity

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Poxvirus pathogenesis.

Poxvirus pathogenesis.

T Cell-Dependent and -Independent Stimulation of Hamster Spleen NK-Like Cells With Concanavalin A

Natural Effector Cells in Influenza Virus Infection

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