Handbook of Drought and Water Scarcity

Eslamian, Saeid; Eslamian, Faezeh

doi:10.1201/9781315404219

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Using the PDSI, Dai and Zhao (2017) and van der Schrier et al (2013) suggested increased drought severity in central, west and south Africa, east Asia, southeast Australia and the Mediterranean. Using the SPEI, the regions with drought changes are quite similar (Spinoni et al, 2019;Vicente-Serrano, Beguería, & Camarero, 2017). Ficklin, Maxwell, Letsinger, and Gholizadeh (2015) and Stagge, Kingston, Tallaksen, and Hannah (2017) found a consistent role of AED to explain the increase of drought conditions in western US and the Mediterranean, respectively.…”

Section: Aed-related Drought Trendsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Global studies have not found widespread drought trends based solely on precipitation (Spinoni et al, 2019;Spinoni, Naumann, Carrao, Barbosa, & Vogt, 2014), so a possible increase in drought severity identified by different drought indices likely relates to AED changes. Focusing exclusively on studies that have calculated drought indices based on time series from physically based parametrizations of AED (e.g., based on Penman's approach), analysis using the SPEI and the PDSI do not suggest an increase in drought severity worldwide Sheffield et al, 2012;Spinoni et al, 2019;van der Schrier, Barichivich, Briffa, & Jones, 2013;Vicente-Serrano, Beguería, & Camarero, 2017). Nevertheless, some regional differences emerge.…”

Section: Aed-related Drought Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Unraveling the influence of atmospheric evaporative demand on drought and its response to climate change

Vicente‐Serrano

McVicar

Miralles

et al. 2019

WIREs Climate Change

178

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review examines the role of the atmospheric evaporative demand (AED) in drought. AED is a complex concept and here we discuss possible AED definitions, the subsequent metrics to measure and estimate AED, and the different physical drivers that control it. The complex influence of AED on meteorological, environmental/agricultural and hydrological droughts is discussed, stressing the important spatial differences related to the climatological conditions. Likewise, AED influence on drought has implications regarding how different drought metrics consider AED in their attempts to quantify drought severity. Throughout the article, we assess literature findings with respect to: (a) recent drought trends and future projections; (b) the several uncertainties related to data availability; (c) the sensitivity of current drought metrics to AED; and (d) possible roles that both the radiative and physiological effects of increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations may play as we progress into the future.All these issues preclude identifying a simple effect of the AED on drought severity.Rather it calls for different evaluations of drought impacts and trends under future climate scenarios, considering the complex feedbacks governing the climate system. This article is categorized under: Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Earth System Behavior K E Y W O R D S atmospheric evaporative demand,

show abstract

Section: Aed-related Drought Trendsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Aed-related Drought Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the influence of atmospheric evaporative demand on drought and its response to climate change

Vicente‐Serrano

McVicar

Miralles

et al. 2019

WIREs Climate Change

178

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 Introduction ecosystem and can potentially lead to conflicts and mass migration (Kumssa et al 2009;Mekonnen and Hoekstra 2016;Hohenthal and Minoia 2017). Global water scarcity is driven by a lack of sufficient water to meet demands (physical water scarcity), poor water resources development (economic water scarcity) or a combination thereof (WWAP (World Water Assessment Programme) 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Streamflow response to climate change in the Greater Horn of Africa

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Greater Horn of Africa region increasingly experiences high risk of water scarcity. A combination of frequent droughts, rapid population growth and rising urbanisation has reduced streamflow and intensified water abstraction, causing water and food shortages. Estimates of future streamflow changes in the region have so far been highly uncertain and evaluations using ground-based measurements are still limited. Here, future streamflow changes are estimated using a distributed hydrological model forced with an ensemble of high-resolution climate simulations produced using the European community Earth-System Model v3.1. The simulated streamflow is evaluated using observed data from 29 stations from river basins across different climate zones in the region. Evaluation results show large sub-regional variations in the performance of simulated streamflow. The sign and magnitude of future streamflow changes vary between climate simulations and river basins, highlighting the uncertainties in the hydrologic projections. Overall, the streamflow projections indicate large (seasonal, long-term mean and extreme) streamflow decreases for all major rivers in Ethiopia and increases in the equatorial parts of the region at the end of the century. The ensemble mean shows a 10 to 25% decrease in the long-term mean flow in Ethiopia and a 10% increase in the equatorial part of the region in 2080s. Similarly, there is a substantial change in high flows in 2080s, with up to − 50% reduction in the northern and 50% increase in the equatorial parts of the region. These findings are critical because the rivers provide water supply to a rapidly changing socio-economy of the region. Water scarcity is one of the pressing global challenges, with wide-ranging societal and environmental impacts. It affects food security, energy production, human health and the

show abstract

“…The global Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) contains the food security-related Drought Early Warning System (DEWS), which allows for rapid identification of the location, extent, severity, and causes of sudden food security risks due to drought and has been under continuous development for the past 35 years [2]. Various organizations contribute, including FAO's GIEWS, the World Food Program Humanitarian Early Warning Service, the WMO/UN Strategy for International Disaster Reduction, and the Famine Early Warning System [64]. Expert judgement by regional analysts on-site around the world, making use of the main data monitoring and modeling portals, supports the decision-making process and has helped refine the tool [2].…”

Section: Globalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Early Warning in Agri-Food Systems

Ginkel¹,

Biradar²

2021

Climate

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Droughts will increase in frequency, intensity, duration, and spread under climate change. Drought affects numerous sectors in society and the natural environment, including short-term reduced crop production, social conflict over water allocation, severe outmigration, and eventual famine. Early action can prevent escalation of impacts, requiring drought early warning systems (DEWSs) that give current assessments and sufficient notice for active risk management. While most droughts are relatively slow in onset, often resulting in late responses, flash droughts are becoming more frequent, and their sudden onset poses challenging demands on DEWSs for timely communication. We examine several DEWSs at global, regional, and national scales, with a special emphasis on agri-food systems. Many of these have been successful, such as some of the responses to 2015–2017 droughts in Africa and Latin America. Successful examples show that early involvement of stakeholders, from DEWS development to implementation, is crucial. In addition, regional and global cooperation can cross-fertilize with new ideas, reduce reaction time, and raise efficiency. Broadening partnerships also includes recruiting citizen science and including seemingly subjective indigenous knowledge that can improve monitoring, data collection, and uptake of response measures. More precise and more useful DEWSs in agri-food systems will prove even more cost-effective in averting the need for emergency responses, improving global food security.

show abstract

Handbook of Drought and Water Scarcity

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Unraveling the influence of atmospheric evaporative demand on drought and its response to climate change

Unraveling the influence of atmospheric evaporative demand on drought and its response to climate change

Streamflow response to climate change in the Greater Horn of Africa

Drought Early Warning in Agri-Food Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About