Handgrip strength cutoff for cardiometabolic risk index among Colombian children and adolescents: The FUPRECOL Study

Abstract

Evidence shows an association between muscular strength (MS) and health among young people, however low muscular strength cut points for the detection of high metabolic risk in Latin-American populations are scarce. The aim of this study was twofold: to explore potential age- and sex-specific thresholds of MS, for optimal cardiometabolic risk categorization among Colombian children and adolescents; and to investigate whether cardiometabolic risk differed by MS group by applying the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) cut point. MS was estimated by using a handle dynamometer on 1,950 children and adolescents from Colombia, using MS relative to weight (handgrip strength/body mass). A metabolic risk score was computed from the following components: waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-c, glucose, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. ROC analysis showed a significant discriminatory accuracy of MS in identifying the low/high metabolic risk in children and adolescents and in both genders. In children, the handgrip strength/body mass levels for a low metabolic risk were 0.359 and 0.376 in girls and boys, respectively. In adolescents, these points were 0.440 and 0.447 in girls and boys, respectively. In conclusion, the results suggest an MS level relative to weight for having a low metabolic risk, which could be used to identify youths at risk.

Utility of international normative 20 m shuttle run values for identifying youth at increased cardiometabolic risk

“…This computed cardiometabolic risk score follows previous recommendations that support the inclusion of key metabolic syndrome components within continuous cardiometabolic risk scores (Eisenmann, 2008). Individuals with a cardiometabolic risk score +1 SD above the mean were identified as having increased cardiometabolic risk, similar to previous studies (Ramírez-Vélez et al, 2017;Sardinha et al, 2016).…”

Cycling to School and Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents

“…The prevalences of metabolic syndrome and its components were evaluated according to definitions provided by the International Diabetes Federation. [23][24][25] For children aged ≥8 years, metabolic syndrome was diagnosed based on abdominal obesity (using WC percentiles) and the presence of 2 or more of the following clinical features: elevated triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, or plasma glucose levels or high blood pressure.…”

Normal-Weight Obesity Is Associated with Poorer Cardiometabolic Profile and Lower Physical Fitness Levels in Children and Adolescents

“…Odds ratios (ORs) to be classified as normal-weight obese according to fitness categories. Reference (OR = 1.0), unhealthy physical fitness level [15] (CRF < 47.9 mL•kg −1 •min −1 in boys and < 34.4 mL•kg −1 •min −1 in girls aged 9-12.9 years, and < 48.0 mL•kg −1 •min −1 in boys and < 33.8 mL•kg −1 •min −1 in girls aged 13-17.9 years, respectively) and unhealthy handgrip/body weight levels [16] (< 0.359 and < 0.376 in girls and boys aged 9-12.9 years, respectively. In adolescents (13-17.9 years), these points were < 0.440 and < 0.447 in girls and boys, respectively).…”

“…Handgrip strength was normalized as handgrip strength (in kg)/body weight (in kg). Children and adolescents were classified as healthy or unhealthy based on the sex and age cut-off points established previously [16].…”

“…A cardiometabolic risk score was created from the sum of the z-scores values of systolic blood pressure, serum triglycerides, WC, HDL-C (multiplied by −1), and fasting glucose z-score [17] calculated as follows: (value-mean)/standard deviation (SD), separately for boys and girls, and for each 1-year age-group. A higher cardiometabolic risk z-score is indicative of an unhealthier risk profile [15,16].…”