Hands train the brain—what is the role of hand tremor and anxiety in undergraduate microsurgical skills?

Hanrahan, John; Sideris, Michail; Pasha, Terouz; Tsitsopoulos, Parmenion P.; Theodoulou, Iakovos; Nicolaides, Marios; Georgopoulou, Efstratia-Maria; Kombogiorgas, Dimitris; Bimpis, Alexios; Papalois, Apostolos

doi:10.1007/s00701-018-3609-6

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As part of the course, we prospectively designed and evaluated a cluster of neurosurgical teaching modules, one of which has been reported previously [ 11 ]. The UK neurosurgical training syllabus incorporates insertion of intracranial pressure (ICP) as a core competency; this procedure was chosen to be the focus of a pilot simulation model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing motivation and engagement in neurosurgery for medical students through practical simulation-based learning

Hanrahan

Sideris

Tsitsopoulos

et al. 2018

Annals of Medicine and Surgery

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BackgroundSimulation-based learning (SBL) is an essential adjunct to modern surgical education. Our study aimed to evaluate the educational benefit and motivational impact of a pilot practical neurosurgical module.Materials and methods38 clinical medical students from several EU Medical Schools attended an international surgical course focused on teaching and learning basic surgical skills. We designed a pilot neurosurgical workshop instructing students to insert an intracranial pressure bolt using an ex vivo pig model. Each delegate was assessed by two consultant neurosurgeons using a validated assessment tool. Structured questionnaires were distributed on completion of the module.ResultsDelegate performance increased (p < 0.001) with no difference in performance improvement across year of study (p = 0.676) or medical school (p = 0.647). All delegates perceived this workshop as a potential addition to their education (median 5/5, IQR = 0), and indicated that the course provided motivational value towards a neurosurgical career (median 4/5, IQR = 1), with no difference seen between year of study or medical school (p > 0.05).ConclusionOur pilot neurosurgical workshop demonstrated the educational value of practical SBL learning for motivating students towards a surgical career. Homogeneous views across year of study and medical school underline the value of developing a unified strategy to develop and standardise undergraduate surgical teaching with a practical focus.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing motivation and engagement in neurosurgery for medical students through practical simulation-based learning

Hanrahan

Sideris

Tsitsopoulos

et al. 2018

Annals of Medicine and Surgery

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“…In pig models, suturing the dura mater was a skill that was trained under the microscope in a more recent study performed by Hanrahan et al [50]. In this swine model, the authors investigated the effect that anxiety has on hand tremor, assessing dexterity through the Johnson O'Connor Tweezer Test and anxiety through the Westside Test Anxiety Scale.…”

Section: Porcine Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurosurgical cadaveric and in vivo large animal training models for cranial and spinal approaches and techniques — a systematic review of the current literature

Morosanu

Nicolae

Moldovan

et al. 2018

Neurol Neurochir Pol.

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Introduction. Due to its high complexity, neurosurgery consists of a demanding learning curve that requires intense training and a deep knowledge of neuroanatomy. Microsurgical skill development can be achieved through various models of simulation, but as human cadaveric models are not always accessible, cadaveric animal models can provide a reliable environment in which to enhance the acquisition of surgical dexterity. The aim of this review was to analyse the current role of animal brains in laboratory training and to assess their correspondence to the procedures performed in humans. Material and methods. A Pubmed literature search was performed to identify all the articles concerning training cranial and spinal techniques on large animal heads. The search terms were 'training model' , and 'neurosurgery' in association with 'animal' , 'sheep' , 'cow' , and 'swine'. The exclusion criteria were articles that were on human brains, experimental fundamental research, or on virtual simulators. Results. The search retrieved 119 articles, of which 25 were relevant to the purpose of this review. Owing to their similar neuroanatomy, bovine, porcine and ovine models prove to be reliable structures in simulating neurosurgical procedures. On bovine skulls, an interhemispheric transcalosal and retrosigmoid approach along with different approaches to the Circle of Willis can be recreated. Ovine model procedures have varied from lumbar discectomies on sheep spines to craniosynostosis surgery, whereas in ex vivo swine models, cadaveric dissections of lateral sulcus, median and posterior fossa have been achieved. Conclusions. Laboratory training models enhance surgical advancements by familiarising trainee surgeons with certain neuroanatomical structures and promoting greater surgical dexterity. The accessibility of animal brains allows trainee surgeons to exercise techniques outside the operating theatre, thus optimising outcomes in human surgical procedures.

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“…The tremors themselves did not seem to affect the outcome of the procedures being conducted, but the self-perception of anxiety had a significant negative impact on the results of the procedure. This indicates that more confident students perform better in simulated surgical settings as well as in actual surgeries, which strengthens the need for increased exposure to mock procedures[6].…”

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confidence: 64%

A New Approach to Microsurgical Medical Education: Mobile Phone Repairs

Fazzi¹,

Schor²,

Schor³

2020

Act Sci Oph

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Background: Technology has been increasingly used as a teaching tool in medical education, and simulation training is at the forefront of that shift in teaching methods. This project proposes an innovative tool for training students in microsurgery. Through fixing their cell phones under the guidance of a supervisor, students got a chance to improve their technique in microscope use. Furthermore, the procedure allowed for students to discuss insecurities surrounding the performance of microsurgery. Materials and Methods: Eight students from the Federal University of São Paulo were involved in the project and were selected through a phone screening process. Those students brought in their own faulty cell phones which were the main materials used. Other materials included pieces that needed replacing in the phones and the tools needed to open, close and handle the apparatus generally. Results: 87.5% of the students achieved the expected result with a successful procedure and 25% of students had technical problems during the procedure. 75% of students, however, had no major technical problems during the procedure. Two of the eight students who participated in this project had trouble with the cell phones one month after the procedure. The remaining had fully functional devices. Conclusion: The majority of students successfully completed the cell phone repairs. Overall, there was a high level of acceptance of the project by students as a successful learning tool which increased both their abilities and self-confidence. Students overall left satisfied with the activity and said they would recommend it to others.

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Hands train the brain—what is the role of hand tremor and anxiety in undergraduate microsurgical skills?

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Increasing motivation and engagement in neurosurgery for medical students through practical simulation-based learning

Increasing motivation and engagement in neurosurgery for medical students through practical simulation-based learning

Neurosurgical cadaveric and in vivo large animal training models for cranial and spinal approaches and techniques — a systematic review of the current literature

A New Approach to Microsurgical Medical Education: Mobile Phone Repairs

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